Edgar Allen Poe’s Essay

From the very first line written in the â€Å"Cask Of Amontillado†; â€Å"The thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne as I best could, but when he ventured upon insult I vowed revenge. † We are thrust into a ride, much like one you might find at the amusement park or the carnival, with the distinct difference that although this ride is in fact on rails, how it will affect us and how we will interpret the events during is completely up to us. Edgar Allan Poe does a remarkable job of employing several psychological techniques in his short story † The cask of Amontillado † , but I will only focus on one, which even by today’s standards is flawless. The technique is the mystery. Who is Fortunato? What has he done to Montresor that has caused so much emotional and psychological damage? Obviously the answers to these questions will elude and intrigue the audience. So we are instantly on the hook. To find the answers to these questions we must avert more of our attention and interest to the piece at hand. Poe, now with our utmost and full attention, begins to plunge us into the mind of his protagonist. Not so by simply introducing us to Montresor but instead by showing us his actions, his thoughts, his mannerisms. He accomplishes this by exposing us to Fortunato and the conversations between them that will ensue. On the surface Montresor seems like a normal man with no ill will. Although quickly we begin to learn otherwise. † My dear Fortunato, you are luckily met. How remarkably well you are looking today. So begins the series of dialogues Song 2 and conversations that would appear to be like any other had by two good friends. At first Montresor is nothing but amicable, he compliments his good friends on his looks, dress and even praises his good taste and reputation. † And yet some fools will have it that his taste is a match for your own. † The audience now fully engaged in the story though the methods of mystery, curiosity and perhaps even endearment or empathy f or Fortunato continue to delve deeper into the event unfolding before our very eyes. Just as the protagonist and the antagonist begin to descend upon the catacombs and the halls of the Montresors manor, so does the conversation and the dialogue taking place between them. † We will go back; your health is precious. you are rich, respected, admired , beloved; you are happy, as once I was. You are a man to be missed. For me it is no matter. † We are now beginning to be exposed more openly to the sociopathic ways of our protagonist; Montresor. Willingly and cheerfully guiding our poor and still at the moment helpless, Fortunato , as he is still under the spell of Montresor. When we finally arrive to the depths of the catacombs the reader is now aware that some horrible event is bound to ensure, but the conversation and the presentation made by the writer has now fully invaded the reader. Little by little inch by inch as we descended down through the catacombs, we have been made more anxious, more uncomfortable. Now all the built up tension that has been gathering is ripe for the telling. † Pass your hand † Is the cue that signals the reader. We are here, this is where our journey has been leading you, here is the end. Over the wall; you cannot help feeling the nitre. † It is then that Poe unleashes his â€Å"Single effect† all done with a fine attention to detail. The message is clear. you are now here, you will go nowhere, this is where you will rest. Presumably after achieving his single effect the reader will sense a series of emotional responses; ranging from fear to terror to relief. Relief that the built up tension and anx iety has now been released. The ride has finally come to an end and it is now time to go home and think upon the emotions you have felt here today.

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God. † subsequently, end off with how my saint taught e to always a positive outlook for the world, and also to put our trust In God. Saint Teresa of Avail had once stated â€Å"l never liked gloomy saints, always try to be cheerful everyday. † This taught me that having a negative split may lead you to have a not so good day, whereas if we are more cheerful we then always think positive and we eliminate the people/things that make us unhappy. Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness' sake for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. † This beatitude embodies my saint because Saint Teresa at one point in her life wanted to come a martyr, meaning she refused to fear death when it came to her faith. â€Å"Blessed are the pure in heart for they will see God† I believe my saint was pure in heart because it was also noticed from another's perspective that she was friendly and saw the good in others.Lastly, my saint left us with a quote saying, always find t hat those who walked closest to Christ were those who had to ear the greatest trials† this quote means that on earth there will come a time where we will be given consequences for our belief, but this shows that God gives his hardest battles to his strongest soldiers. We who abide in Christ will be saved all we need to do here on earth is put our trust in God and never give up our faith.So all in all, Saint Teresa of Avail was a very strong woman, strong mentally and spiritually and now it is our duty as believers to live a strong Christian mental and spiritual life as well. In conclusion, Saint Teresa of Avail left us with another quote saying, â€Å"it is love alone that gives worth to all things. † Therefore we need to love to give our life on earth some worth, which I believe is to live the life we love and love the life we live, all In a Christian positive, spiritual manner.

Market Structure Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Market Structure - Research Paper Example (Eaton, Diane and Douglas, 2002 pp.93) The firm is in equilibrium if it maximizes profit defined as the difference between revenues and costs (** = R-C). The equilibrium point is where the firm produces the output that maximizes the difference between TR & TC curves as shown below. In the short term the firm will either be making excess profits or losses depending on the position of an AC curves i.e. if the AVC curve lays below the price the firm is making excess profit as shown below. It is only possible for the firm to be equilibrium. The short run without necessarily breaking even point. However, in the long run the firm will either make neither losses nor excess profit i.e. the break even point will be the equilibrium point for the firm as shown below. The supply of such a firm may be derived by the points of intersection of MC curve with the successive demand curve. Assuming that the market prices increase gradually the demand curve will tend to shift upwards. Given the slope of the MC curve is positive each higher demand curve cuts the given MC curve on a point which lies to the right of the previous intersection. This implies that the quantity supplied by firm increases as the price increases. (Eaton, Diane and Douglas, 2002 pp.85) Changing from perfect competition to a monopoly that changes a single price will have associated implications to the firm. This is because as a monopoly market the market structure will consist of one single firm that will deal with products that have no close substitute, there will be no free entry of into the market and the firm will be a price maker meaning that the amount sold in the market will depend on the price Q = F (P) The monopolist will have a normal demand curve Q = a - b P with an option of making either of the following two decisions: (1) the price - in this case the quantity will be determined by the customer (2) the quantity- in this case the price will be determined by the future of demand and supply in the market The demand is equal to the average revenue (P = AR) for the monopolist since: Q = a - b P b p = a - q P = a - Q or a - 1____ ____ ____ Q b b b TR = P Q but P = a - 1____ ____ Q b b AR = TR = (a/b) Q - (1/b) Q2 = (a/b) - (1-b) Q thus P = AR ________________ Q They all have a common intercept (a/b) with the MR curve being twice as steep as the AR or the Demand

Entrepreneur Paper and Presentation (Minicomputer) Essay

Entrepreneur Paper and Presentation (Minicomputer) - Essay Example Between 1944 and 1945, the navy trained Olsen in Electrical Engineering. The training at the navy and his work experience at a General Electric Factory where he served to troubleshoot their FM radios enabled Olsen to join MIT as an undergraduate in February 1947. At MIT, he studied Electrical Engineering where he concentrated on magnets and generators but it was not until he graduated that he heard about computers after being offered a job in the computer lab (473). It was his love for electronic that earned Olsen a position in MIT computer lab and not the grades as was the norm. This was in 1950 during which period; the IBM computer was so large and operated on bunch cards. Olsen applied great vigor during his stay at MIT where he worked as a liaison engineer on the Whirlwind in his first year. Olsen is noted to have challenged the inefficiencies at MIT and, as a result, he was put in charge of the TX-0, a project to that enabled him to direct the building of   the first transisto rized research computer(474). Olsen grew more determined that soon interactive, real-time mini- computers (474)   Olsen ventured into the entrepreneur field in 1957 when together with Harlan Anderson, an MIT colleague, approached the American Research and Development for a loan and founded DEC (475). Through DET, the minicomputer was possible, it was small and so cheap compared to the large IBM mainframe; cost was down by from between $1 million and $ 3million to about $125, 00 to $ 150,000. DET was already bathing in success just a few years from its formation. Olsen however knew too well not to overrate their ability and at one point had to decline an order of 100 minicomputers by NASA since he felt their rate of production was still too small (476). Olsen also knew how to stay ahead of his competitors. While his competitors were looking into how to improve on his products, Olsen and his assistance were working on new products. This was for instance portrayed in 1964

Analysis of competitiveness of Chinese textile in EU market Essay

Analysis of competitiveness of Chinese textile in EU market - Essay Example The paper tells about the entry of China in the world market since 2005, with the quota-benefits is instrumental in her rising position as an important player in the world market with cutting edge of competitiveness and higher standards. Clark observes in his study of international competitiveness the need for the management and organization to work in harmony. â€Å"Management and organization is the focal point of Clark’s study. It is the force of international competitiveness that creates incentive for change. A government can create temporary incentives but can do little to get domestic firms optimize their objective functions in the long run†. The study conducted by Caves indicates that producers behaviour and resource allocation are altered by trade changes, rate of adjustment of the structure of the manufacturing. Industries to import competition and the amount of the sunk capital are highly correlated, marketing opportunity at a global scale enhances the plant-s cale economies, and the product differentiation changes the effect of import competition.Collis advocates a different approach saying â€Å"that an appropriate industrial policy corrects market imperfections and creates congenial environment for successful business. To adopt suitable industrial policy, it is essential to clearly define industry’s role, understand company’s strategies in the light of shifting comparative advantage and the changing structure of the global industries, identify market failures and implement coherent policies to minimize the pitfalls.†

Solar Thermal Energy for Domestic Use in New Zealand Essay

Solar Thermal Energy for Domestic Use in New Zealand - Essay Example Meanwhile literature shows that the use of solar water technology in the country is still at its minimum. Solar hot water installations were at an average of 1,200 units per year and was expected to contribute as must as 15% of hot water requirements in New Zealand households. Yet, what few people realize is that solar thermal power can be utilized to generate electricity and totally eradicate the use of coal in electricity generation. The use of solar energy for electricity generation could reduce carbon emissions by atleast 270,000 tCO2 and generate employment to as many as 400 people (Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority 2001). Installation of solar hot water energy systems costed about NZ$4,000 for a full installation, which generated about 2,400 kWh to 3,100 kWh of electricity annually. To see how much economic benefit this SHW installations offered, one can use the â€Å"payback period† or the â€Å"lifecycle cost† as indicators. The Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority (EECA) calculated that over the 20-year lifetime of the system, energy production cost was only at 12 cents per kWh. Yet, it was important to note that this calculation was based on retrofits to existing homes, which typically costed more since the structure of the home had to customized to ensure that its energy demand was low. Meanwhile, installation of solar hot water systems on new homes were much cheaper because these systems were now built into the roof structure instead of around it.... This report has four sections: a) the research plan, b) results of the research, c) discussion of these results and d) conclusion and recommendation. Methodology or Research Plan To determine the advantages of solar energy and why it should be adopted in New Zealand, the researcher utilized the following research plan: Phase 1: Discover the potential of using solar thermal energy. This is done through an interview with an expert professional and through online search. The respondent for the interview received through email so as not to impede his work schedule. Meanwhile, the online search was done through search engines. It utilizes search terms like â€Å"solar power in New Zealand† and â€Å"solar thermal energy for domestic use. Phase 2: Determine the barriers to uptake of solar technology and create recommendation Results The Use of Solar Energy in New Zealand. To determine the potential of solar power in New Zealand, Brian Fawdray, an electrical engineer was interviewed . According to him, solar power was rarely utilized in electricity generation. Unlike other countries which started utilizing solar thermal energy, in New Zealand, electricity using solar power was done mainly through PV cells, which in itself had a limited market reach. When asked what he thought of using PV technology in the household, Fawdray said that he could not readily promote it because the technology is not yet cost effective for all households. In his words, â€Å"Cost efficiency depends on many factors. He believes, however that the backup system provided by PV batteries were important since most grid connected systems do not have it, and perhaps this is something PV

Children of Older Men at Greater Risk of Mental Illness Article

Children of Older Men at Greater Risk of Mental Illness - Article Example According to research studies, children with older fathers are at risk for a number of psychiatric conditions. These include autistic disorder, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder as well as bipolar disorder. Children suffering from such conditions also report to struggle at their schools, have poor learning abilities and impaired cognitive development. Scientists suggest that the increased risk can be explained by the increased number of genetic mutations that build up in the sperms as the men get older. Children of older fathers also had increased risk of having suicidal behavior and drug abuse. These findings were published in the journal JAMA Psychiatry. However, the studies are restricted to comparisons between the siblings and it is difficult to separate the overlapping dimensions of paternal age, children’s age and the order of birth. In many countries, the age of first-time fathers is increasing which is an alarming sign keeping view the current res earchers. The average of men who are first-time fathers in England is 30.8 to 32.6 years which clearly increases the risk of educational, psychiatric and behavioral problems in the children. The article brings to attention a significant aspect of biological science associated with reproduction and conceiving. Being aware of the medical problems our children are at risk is an important aspect for the parents as they are constantly worried about the well-being of their children. The association of increasing age of fathers and the increased risk of psychiatric conditions and behavioral disturbances in children is a resourceful research.  

Assignment 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

2 - Assignment Example The in-depth interviews involved a word association exercise with the informants. A diagram that shows the concepts that students relate to marketing was developed, based on the results of in-depth interviews, indicating the most frequently occurring connections. A detailed explanation of what was learnt about how college students view marketing was provided. As indicated earlier, the informants comprised of four college students who are not business majors. The main aim was to find out the perceptions of these students on marketing. The following questions were asked during the in-depth interviews and the informants were allowed to provide their responses in detail: The first informant defined marketing as the act of advertising and promotion of products or services. The second informant claimed that he understood marketing as an effort that is carried out to create brand awareness. The third informant linked marketing to consumer research, whereby she said that all marketing personnel should possess the ability to find out about the needs of consumers so that they can sell appropriate products and services to them. The fourth respondent defined marketing as manipulation of a consumer’s beliefs to enhance selling. According to the four informants, marketing involves various activities. For instance, one informant said that promotion, which is majorly carried out through advertising was the main activity of marketing. Another respondent perceived pricing and retail decision making as a major activity of marketing. Creation of brand awareness by marketing personnel was perceived as one of the main activities of marketing by one of the respondents. On the other hand, one of the informants claimed that the main activity of market research, which enables marketers to create a brand by carrying out quality research on how consumers perceive a product, service or organization. This research involves the identification of clients’ needs, and

Final Exam Study Sheet Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Final Exam Study Sheet - Assignment Example Persuasion is thus an essential aspect of marketing. In marketing, it can be done using the AIDA formula. The formula is acronym that is vital in the advertising and highlights lists of activities that occur when the customer is engaged with an advertisement agency. Letter A means attention which requires that the attention of the customer should be realized. Interest is the next stage; D means desire while the last A means action. Those who receive given information or message directly are said to be the primary audience. On the other hand, secondary audience involves a group that receives a copy of the information directly. They also called hidden audience. Research exists in primary or secondary dimension (Vogel 34). Primary research is new and has the aim of address specific questions. Secondary research utilizes information from the initially researched areas. These are channels by which message is conveyed from the sender to receiver (Vogel 76). They include emails, letters, and memos. E-mails are quick and can be sent over long distances. They, however, demand computer literacy that most people lack (Vogel 77). Letters are efficient for a smaller organization and are relatively cheaper. On the other hand, they require literacy that is relative. Direct messages communicate open information to the audience (Vogel 66). They are used when immediate feedback is needed. Indirect messages covers and concealed information. They are often used to pass information that demands discreteness. This includes the adjusting of tones in sentences so that the directly points at the ‘you’ being referred to (Vogel 178). They are mostly used in illustrative or instructional sentences. For example, ‘you are being advised to see the manager.’ They are also called topical sentences (Vogel 55). They are made up of short and precise sentences. They appear at the beginning of the

How the family income affects the family in life Assignment - 2

How the family income affects the family in life - Assignment Example These issues come as a challenge for the State and various systems need to be initiated in order to reduce the affects of low income on family lives. In this regard, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) was created in 1996, which had the basic aim to provide cash assistance to American families. This organization was established under the â€Å"The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act† and has provided opportunity for employment to families with benefits, to utilize the aid within a period of 2 years. This program TANF was created during Clinton’s period in 1996. The State determined which families needed the assistance in order to help poverty stricken families. Individuals who received the aid were required to work and monitoring was carried out. In cases, when these individuals failed to carry out their practices, the benefits and the assistance were subject to reduction or termination. TANF program was a successful as it provided a welfare reform and there was reduction of poverty and increase in economic growth (US Department Of Health & Human

Mutations in Dna Essay Example for Free

Mutations in Dna Essay Although most mutations are either neutral or harmful they are also the raw material for evolution. Such mutations from alleles, alternate forms of a given gene that may produce differences in structure or function such as black, brown or blond hair in humans, or different mating calls in frogs. Stages of Mitosis~ 1)Parent cell. 2)Chromosomes make identical copies of themselves. 3)They line up along the centre. 4)They move apart. 5)Two daughter cells form with identical chromosomes to the parent cell. Homologous chromosomes have the same genes, but each homologue may have the same alleles of some genes and different alleles others. The cell cycle is tightly controlled. Both during the embryonic development and during the maintenance and repair of the adult body, progressing through the cell cycle is regulated primarily by two interacting processes. (1)Production of, and responses to, growth factors that generally speed up the cell cycle; (2)Intracellular checkpoints that stop the cell cycle if problems such as mutations in the DNA or misalignment of the chromosomes have occurred. Most cancers develop because one of both of these processes goes awry. Many different molecules control the cell cycle; Porto-oncogenes:Any gene whose proteins tends to promote mitotic cell division if called a proton-oncogene. The genes for growth factors, grow factor receptors, and some cyclins and Cdks are proton-oncogenes. In most cases, progress through the cell cycle beings when a growth-stimulating protein such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) binds to a receptor on the surface of a cell. This stimulates the synthesis of cyclins which bind to Cdks and activate them. Thus, these proton-oncogenes are essential to the normal control of the cell cycle. Tumor suppressor genes:The protein products of tumor suppressor genes prevent uncontrolled cell division and the production of daughter cells with mutated DNA, both of which are common in tumors. Cdks regulate the activity of other proteins by adding a phosphate group to them. One such protein is Rb. Normally, Rb inhibits transcription of several genes whose protein products are required for DNA synthesis. Phosphorylation of Rb by Cdks relieves this inhibition in the G, phase of the cell cycle, allowing the cell to proceed to the S phase and replicate its DNA. This chain of events, from growth faction stimulation to phosphorylation of Rb, ensures that the cell cycle starts up only when the body needs it to. Another tumor suppressor protein, called P53 monitors the integrity of the cells DNA and indirectly regulates Rb activity. Healthy cells with intact DNA, contain little P53. However, when DNA has been damaged (for example by ultraviolet rays in sunlight), P53 levels rise. The P53 proteins that inhibit Cdks. If Cdks are inhibited then Rb is not phosphorylated and DNA synthesis is blocked; this prevents the cell from producing daughter cells with damaged DNA. The P53 stimulated the synthesis of DNA repair enzymes. After the DNA has been repaired, P53 levels decline, Cdks become active, Rb becomes phosphorylated and the cell enters the S phase. If the DNA cannot be repaired, P53 triggers a special from of cell death called apoptosis, in which the cell cuts up its DNA and effectively commits suicide.

The Role Of The Modern Spectator Theatre Essay

The Role Of The Modern Spectator Theatre Essay Society considers art as a reflection of what is happening in the world, as well as the different types of personalities that people portray. Consequently, society expects that the modern spectator go beyond merely sharing the artists experiences to interpret for him or herself the meaning of these. The cathartic role of the modern spectator has thus been reduced, as he or she is no longer the passive participant, seated in a theater hall or cinema, merely watching a piece of art. Instead, he or she has been made to take up an active role of learning from the works of art, in order to create change for him or her and the society as a whole. The discussion includes what is meant by the cathartic role of the modern spectator, how it has diminished in the new form of theater, and whether it is possible for him or her to reclaim it. 1 Eva Berczeller. The Aesthetic Feeling and Aristotles Catharsis Theory. The Journal of Psychology 65, (1967): 261-71. 2 Esta Powell. Catharsis in psychology and beyond: a historic overview. Accessed 13 January 2011 http://primal- page.com/cathar.htm Schultz and Schultzs definition of catharsis considers it as a psychic process where unconscious thoughts and feelings are made conscious, therefore, allowing the individual to express himself in manner that can be understood.3. Similarly, Szczeklik considers catharsis from as a technique by which an individual lets go of his emotions which are related to unpleasant experiences in the past.4 Aristotle considered catharsis as the process by which spectators set themselves free from the emotions that a piece of art triggers in them, such that they obtain relief and a sense of inner peace. In other words, experiencing catharsis had moral and ethical implications because it helped to moderate passions and strong emotions, therefore restoring the balance in ones life. The pleasure of releasing ones emotions resulted in a relief from disturbances such as pity and fear. He saw catharsis as aiming at creating a nice and gratifying feeling of relief to the spectator. Evidently, the word catharsis takes on different meanings in different fields of knowledge, but what these definitions have in common are the aspects of cleansing or purging, releasing of emotions brought about by a persons experiences. Esta Powell affirms this by saying that, catharsis takes different forms but its essence remains the same, since it is a release from some burden (either physical or mental) and bring s healing through its purging effect. 5 Consequently, the underlying notion of purging that has made scholars acknowledge catharsis as a healing, cleansing, and transforming experience, a technique that can be used to bring about a therapeutic change. ______________ 3 Esta Powell. Catharsis in psychology and beyond: a historic overview, Accessed 13 January 2011 http://primal- page.com/cathar.htm 4 Andrzej Szczeklik. Catharsis: on the art of medicine. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2005 5 Duane Schultz and Sydney Schultz A history of modern psychology. Belmont, ca: Wadsworth/Thompson. 2004. In the sphere of theater, catharsis is used to refer to any discharge of emotions; in this case, an audience releases his or her emotions while watching a drama in any suitable method and channel. The spectator therefore has a role to play in theater, in that; he or she is deemed to express the emotions aroused by theatric activities. How does catharsis occur in theatre? According to Esta Powell, artists use different strategies to trigger strong emotional displays in their audiences. Many artists use the effect of surprise and unexpectedness to bring about catharsis. For example, in the Greek tragedy Oedipus rex, Oedipus experiences catharsis when he feels culpable of murdering his father, marrying his mother, who later commits suicide and the loneliness he feels as a result. 7 Scheff believes that human beings strive to engage in activities that will enable them free themselves from hurtful emotional experiences, and therefore obtain a sense of calm. He gives the example of a spectator who cries about a character who dies in a play. This, he notes, is simply a reawakening of feelings of loss in the viewers life and he or she is reliving unresolved personal experiences. He explains this by saying that theater provides for the audience a safe distance from personal experiences. This is because the social environment of a theater lessens the effect of emotions arising from unpleasant events, as the audience believes that an individual is sympathizing with a play character and not with himself.9 ____________ 7 Esta Powell. Catharsis in psychology and beyond: a historic overview, accessed 13 January 2011 http://primal- page.com/cathar.htm 8 Andrzej Szczeklik, Catharsis: on the art of medicine. Chicago: (The University of Chicago Press, 2005). 9 Thomas Scheff Catharsis in healing, ritual, and drama. Lincoln, ne:( iuniverse.com, 2001). However, the cathartic role of the spectator has diminished due to modernism. The two major personalities, who have opposed the norms of traditional theater and called for a revolution in its practices, are Bertolt Brecht and Antonin Artaud. Tuirenn Hurstfield notes that theater artists Bertolt Brecht and Antonin Artaud were both frustrated by the traditional theaters illusions of imitating reality. In retaliation, they advocated for change. Artaud, feeling the idea of theatre had been lost, moved towards his theatre of cruelty while Brecht, refuting the drama of his time as still following Aristotles idea of catharsis, moved towards a non-Aristotelian mode of theater.10 In what he calls a new form of theater, that is, epic theater. Brecht argues that the spectator is no longer just an observer, but also an actor. Brecht distinguishes this situation from that of what he calls dramatic theatre, or in other words, Aristotles view of theatre, where the spectator is merely an observer, sharing the experience of the actor. He considers catharsis as a way of bringing about greater social change. Pericles Lewis affirms this by saying that Brechts idea of epic theater appealed to reason rather than the expression of emotions and sought to turn the spectator into an observer, who stands aside, separates himself from the action of the play, and studies it. In this respect, what Brecht was doing was to stand against a dominant tradition in theater, which aimed to have the spectator involved in and sharing the experience of the play. In addition, Brecht was against identification or sympathy between the spectators and the actors, which was characteristic of Aristotles idea of catharsis. _____________ 10 Hurstfield Tuirenn, Bertolt Brecht and Antonin Artauds revolutionary theatre practices, last modified Aug 28, 2008, http://www.suite101.com/content/bertolt-brecht-antonin-artaud-a66380 11 Pericles Lewis, The Cambridge Introduction to modernism Cambridge: (Cambridge Press, 2007).193- 194. Pericles Lewis notes that Brecht advocates for a separation between the spectator and the action of the play as well as its characters, so that he is able to reflect on his theatric experience in a rational manner, void of the influence of emotions. In other words, Brecht maintained that the spectators experience should not stop with the emotional reaction that the play elicits, but should cause a distanced reflection based on that emotional reaction. 12 In conclusion, it appears then, that the modern spectator cannot reclaim his or her cathartic role, since scholars place more emphasis on what moral lessons the theatric activities can offer him or her, other than the emotional relief. This is difficult for the modern spectator because we are not only rational but also emotional beings. Creating a balance between the two aspects of human existence puts the modern spectator in a dilemma, as he cannot ignore the feelings that a theatric spectacle elicits in him. At the same time, he has to reflect on the didactic intentions of the artist or the creator of the play. The modern spectator has to see beyond the feelings he has of the action as well as the characters in the play, and consider the social or political action that he is supposed to take because of his emotional reaction. In other words, the sentiments that any piece of art elicits in the spectator should serve as motivation for him to implement the lessons learnt. They should assist him in bringing about the so desired social and political changes in our world today; otherwise, art will have failed in its ultimate role. ________________ 12 Pericles Lewis, The Cambridge Introduction to modernism Cambridge: (Cambridge University Press, 2007). 191.

Management Of Chronic Pain Nursing Essay

Management Of Chronic Pain Nursing Essay This project is a complete illustration of pain and how treated by understanding how its work, references can be visited for more detailed information or contact me. Chronic pain is defined as a painful condition that lasts longer than 3 months. Chronic pain can also be defined as pain that persists beyond the reasonable time for an injury to heal or a month beyond the usual course of an acute disease. There are four basic types of chronic pain: (1) pain persisting beyond the normal healing time for a disease or injury, (2) pain related to a chronic degenerative disease or persistent neurologic condition, (3) cancer-related pain, (4) pain that emerges or persists without an identifiable cause. Chronic pain differs from acute pain in its function. Acute pain is an essential biologic signal to warn the individual to stop a potentially injurious activity or to prompt one to seek medical care. Chronic pain serves no obvious biologic function. Chronic pain patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) have not been well studied, despite their apparent numbers. Complete eradication of pain is not a reasonable end point in most cases. Rather, the goal of therapy is pain reduction and return to functional status. Chronic pain syndromes discussed in this paper include myofascial headaches, transformed migraine headaches, fibromyalgia, myofascial chest pain, back pain, complex regional pain types I and II, post-therapeutic neuralgia, and phantom limb pain. Drug-seeking patients are also covered. EPIDEMIOLOGY Chronic pain affects about a third of the population at least once during a patients lifetime, at a cost of-80 to 90 billion dollars in health care payments and lawsuit settlements annually. Chronic pain is also common in those who do not seek medical attention. Despite similar subjective pain, those who seek medical attention are less physically active, experience more social alienation and more psychological distress than those who do not seek medical attention. The causes of chronic pain are more complex than the causes of acute pain. Chronic pain may be caused by (1) a chronic pathologic process in the musculoskeletal or vascular system, (2) a chronic pathologic process in one of the organ systems, (3) a prolonged dysfunction in the peripheral or central nervous system, or (4) a psychological or environmental disorder. In contrast, acute pain may be influenced by, but is not primarily caused by, a psychological or continuous environmental disorder. A detailed listing of all the epidemiologic factors of the various chronic pain syndromes is beyond the scope of this paper. However, in general, patients who attribute their pain to a specific traumatic event experience more emotional distress, more life interference, and more severe pain than those with other causes. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY The pathophysiology of chronic pain can be divided into three basic types. Nociceptive pain is associated with ongoing tissue damage. Neuropathic pain is associated with nervous system dysfunction in the absence of ongoing tissue damage. Finally, psychogenic pain has no identifiable cause.3 Many chronic pain states begin with an episode of nociceptive pain and then continue with neuropathic or psychogenic pain. For example, an acute injury with fracture involves nociceptive pain, but an associated nerve injury may lead to neuropathic pain. Chronic disability may lead to psychogenic pain. Nociceptive pain results from the stimulation of nicotinic receptors in tissues or organs by noxious mechanical, thermal, or chemical stimuli. Chemical mediators of inflammation such as bradykinins and prostaglandins are essential elements in the pathophysiology of nociceptive pain. Examples of chronic nociceptive pain include cancer pain and pain due to chronic pancreatitis. Patients with nociceptiv e pain usually respond well to centrally acting analgesics. Neuropathic pain is caused by disease of the central or peripheral nervous system. Examples of neuropathic pain include complex regional pain type II (causalgia), post-therapeutic neuralgia, and phantom limb pain. Neuropathic pain responds poorly to common analgesics, including narcotics. Psychogenic pain is a diagnosis of exclusion and can be difficult to establish in the ED. Patients with psychogenic pain believe their pain is physical and tend to strongly reject the concept that it is psychological. CLINICAL FEATURES To better define the psychology of chronic pain, psychiatrists have divided patients characteristics into two groups.4 The first group has normal psychological function at baseline. However, continued pain and its effects, such as inability to work or altered body image, result in psychological dysfunction. The second group has primary psychopathology that predates the onset of chronic pain. Hypochondriacally, hysterical, pain-prone, and depressive personalities are included in this group. The following set of historical inquiries may prove helpful in the ED. The patients should be asked to describe the nature of the current pain, initiating and exacerbating or relieving factors. Other useful information includes determination of the chronic nature of their pain, quantification of similar episodes, and sources and modes of treatment, including medications and dosages for physician-prescribed, over-the-counter, or alternative medications. Outcomes of previous therapeutic efforts and the effect of the condition on the patients functional status are also important. Addiction to drugs or alcohol or experience with detoxification programs should also be noted. Finally, a review of systems should be done to rule out any other conditions. Substance abuse is a frequent problem in chronic pain patients. Patients referred to chronic pain clinics meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, third revised edition (DSM III-R) criteria for active substance abuse disorders in 12 to 24 percent of cases, while 9 percent meet criteria for remission diagnosis. Drug detoxification is often the first step of the therapeutic plan for new patients referred to a pain clinic. Objective findings of acute pain include tachycardia, hypertension, diaphoresis, and muscle spasms on stimulation. Objective evidence of chronic pain includes muscle atrophy in the distribution of pain due to disuse, skin temperature changes due to the effects of the sympathetic nervous system after disuse or secondary to nerve injury, and trigger points, which are focal points of muscle tenderness and tension. However, these findings do not have to be present for the pain to be factual. BACK PAIN   Ã‚  Ã‚   Risk factors for chronic back pain following an acute episode include male gender, advanced age, evidence of nonorganic disease, leg pain, prolonged initial episode, and significant disability at onset. Chronic back pain symptoms and causes can be divided into myofascial or muscular, articular, and neurogenic types. Myofascial back pain is characterized by constant dull and occasional shooting pain that does not follow a classic nerve distribution. Pain may or may not be exacerbated by movement. Usually trigger points can be found at the site of greatest pain, and muscle atrophy is not found. Range of motion of the involved muscle is reduced, but there is no actual muscle weakness. Previous recommendations for bed rest in the treatment of back pain have proven counterproductive. Exercise programs have been found to be helpful in chronic low back pain. Articular back pain is characterized by constant or sharp pain that is exacerbated by movement and associated with local muscle spasm. Myofascial and articular back pain may be indistinguishable from each other except by advanced imaging techniques beyond the usual scope of practice in the ED. Neurogenic back pain is classically characterized by constant or intermittent pain that is burning, shooting, or aching. The pain is usually more severe in the leg than in the back and follows a dermatome. Muscle atrophy as well as reflex changes can be seen over time. DIAGNOSIS The most important task of the emergency physician is to distinguish chronic pain from an exacerbation that heralds a life- or limb-threatening condition. A complete history and physical examination should either confirm the chronic condition or point to the need for further evaluation when unexpected signs or symptoms are elicited. An electrocardiogram (ECG) may be needed in some cases of chronic myofascial chest pain to help differentiate it from acute ischemic chest pain. Because chronic pain patients may be frequent visitors to the ED, the entire staff may prejudge their complaint as chronic or factitious. Physicians should insist that routine procedures be followed, including a full triage assessment and a complete set of vital signs. Rarely is a provisional diagnosis of a chronic pain condition made for the first time in the ED. The exception is a form of post-nerve-injury pain, complex regional pain. The sharp pain from acute injuries, including fractures, rarely continues beyond 2 weeks duration. Pain in an injured body part beyond this period should alert the clinician to the possibility of nerve injury, and proper treatment, discussed below, should be instituted. Definitive diagnostic testing of chronic pain conditions is difficult, requires expert opinion, and often expensive procedures such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and thermography. Therefore, referral back to the primary source of care and eventual specialist referral are warranted to confirm the diagnosis. TREATMENT Emergency physicians must avoid labeling patients with pain as either drug seekers or legitimate patients deserving narcotics for pain relief. With these labels, emergency physicians may exacerbate the problem and promote the learned pain response, where patients believe that they must come to the ED for pain relief. Chronic pain patients often request narcotics, although the lure of going to the ED can be just as strong without receiving narcotics. Any drug that alters sensorium can exacerbate the learned pain response. The external rewards of visiting the ED for medication or evaluation are many: attention and comforting from family and nursing staff, status as a special patient who must go the ED for pain control, avoiding responsibilities at work and at home, potential money if litigation is involved, and potential income if a disability claim is pending. Treatment with opiates frequently contributes to the psychopathologic aspects of the disease. Chronic pain and disability lead to distress and increased stress in the life of the patient. The potentiated psychological stress heightens physiologic arousal, which increases pain sensations. Elevated pain sensations exacerbate the patients disability. Opiate use only temporarily relieves the pain sensations, but the side effects frequently increase the disability associated with chronic pain, therefore exacerbating the psychological stress and the syndrome. Furthermore, a new problem is created as the patient becomes preoccupied with seeking pain relief from opiates. Another essential consideration is that many types of chronic pain are poorly controlled by opiates, and yet the side effects remain. It is interesting to note that the presence of objective evidence of pain does little to influence a physicians administration of narcotics. Physicians opiate-prescribing habits are most commo nly prompted by observed pain behaviors, such as facial grimacing, audible expressions of distress, or patients avoidance of activity regardless of the physical findings. With the exception of cancer-related pain, the use of opioids in the treatment of chronic pain is controversial. Many pain specialists feel that they should not be used. There are two essential points that affect the use of opioids in the ED on which there is agreement: (1) opioids should only be used in chronic pain if they enhance function at home and at work, and (2) a single practitioner should be the sole prescriber of narcotics or should be aware of their administration by others. Finally, a previous narcotic addiction is a relative contraindication to the use of opioids in chronic pain. In contrast to the concerns listed above, narcotics are both recommended and effective treatment for cancer pain. Long-acting narcotics such as methadone or transdermal fentanyl may be more effective than the short-acting agents. . The medications listed under Primary ED Treatment are familiar to emergency physicians. While NSAIDs are most helpful in conditions where there is ongoing tissue injury, such as chronic inflammatory arthritis or cancer-related nerve or bone damage, they are also helpful in many cases of chronic pain where no evidence of tissue damage or inflammation is evident. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been shown to be more helpful in acute than in chronic pain. However, the need for long-standing treatment of chronic pain conditions may limit the safety of the NSAIDs. Standard dosing procedures may be followed except in the elderly: Antidepressants and, most commonly, the tricyclic antidepressant drugs, are the most frequently used drugs for the management of chronic pain. Often, effective pain control can be achieved at doses lower than typically required for relief of depression. Tricyclic antidepressants appears to enhance endogenous pain inhibitory mechanisms. When antidepressants are prescribed in the ED, a follow-up plan should be in place. Discussion with a pain specialist is often beneficial. The most common drug and dose is amitriptyline 10 to 25 mg, 2 h prior to bedtime. Anticonvulsants are used for several pain disorders, especially neuropathic pain. Anticonvulsants prevent bursts of action potentials, which may prevent the severe lancinating pain of certain neuropathic syndromes. Carbamazepine (start 100 to 200 mg/d), valproic acid (start 15 mg/kg/d divided), and clonazepam (start 0.5 mg/d) are the most frequently used. Muscle relaxants, such as cyclobenzaprine 10 mg every 8 h, have been useful for chronic pain patients. Their sedating effects may limit their success. Tramadol is an atypical centrally active analgesic. It has less respiratory depression, less tolerance, and less abuse potential than do opiates. Tramadol has been used with success in patients with fibromyalgia, migraine headaches, low back pain, and neuropathic pain. The dose of tramadol is 50 to 100 mg every 4 to 6 h by mouth. Chronic Pain in the Elderly Elderly patients frequently complain of chronic pain. Unfortunately, many of the commonly used medications for pain have higher complication rates in the elderly. In particular, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are associated with higher rates of gastrointestinal bleeding and renal disease in the elderly. Opioids also may cause debilitating sedation and/or constipation in the elderly; however, opioids may have less debilitating side effects than NSAIDs. Doses of many agents should be reduced when treating the elderly, to avoid side effects, and it is essential that a follow-up plan be in place at the time of discharge. There is a perception that the elderly are under medicated for pain control. While this may be true, the elderly do not seem to be under medicated more than other age groups. Conclusion In the end you can notice that pain can affect any one at any age, and its management is not easy as anyone think, especially in chronic moderate to severe pain. The variety of drugs that synthesized for this purpose are too much now, but no class of these drugs can cure the different causes of pain, and scientists now a days improving the activity of these drugs. In fact the now by the end of 2009 working on new formulation that is said to cure pain caused by inflammation. Thus aspirin will only be used for its anticoagulant and antipyretic activities, but not for anti-inflammatory action, this will reduce the toxicity cases caused by the aspirin over doses if it is used as anti-inflammatory or pain relief agent. Most important is that people with pain must ask doctor to find the cause of pain, so he/she can give the right medication and cure any type of inflammation or cancer if there is any early before the exacerbating of the current case, then it will be too late to try to cure the advanced disease and death may occur in most of the cases, so be careful any small pain can be the start for any kind of disease starting from stress ending with fatal cancer.

Life & Liberty Essay -- essays research papers fc

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Life and Liberty   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"A bill of rights are what the people are entitled to against every government, and what no just government should refuse.† –Thomas Jefferson 1781   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"There has been no abuse of rights, and sometimes we must weigh rights against responsibilities.† -Attorney General John Ashcroft 2004   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since our founding fathers first drafted a constitution, America’s core values have been life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; without interference from the government. For the better part of two hundred years, Americans have focused on developing a fair and free democracy, in which everyone has an equal say and as many individual rights and freedoms as are possible in an effective society. Every once in a while, (America fights a major war about every twenty years on average.) improving and maintaining democracy falls into the shadows, and protecting what we have created becomes American’s foremost concern.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The U.S.A. Patriot Act was passed on October 26, 2001, with almost no opposition from Congress. (Senate 98-1, House of Representatives 357-66.)(Life & Liberty) The country was still shaken by the event of September the 11th. In fact while the bill was in deliberation, there was almost no opposition of any kind from special interest groups or organizations nationwide. Once the bill was enacted, two distinct sides were formed, one side confident that any loss of privacy was worth ensuring our safety and protecting our free democracy, and the other side questioning whether the assurance of safety was worth trading away our personal freedoms and right to privacy piece by piece.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The three-hundred forty-two page Patriot Act effects many American institutions, from local laws and civil policies all the way up to the Constitution, and most controversially, the Bill of Rights. The Bush administration maintains that the Act is an instrumental device in counteracting terrorism. They point to Sections 203 through 211 of the bill (Evergreen, Title II), which change the way info... ...ely† (PIPA). With varied poll results like these, it is easy to resolve that the American public is wholly unsure of how the Patriot Act affects them. While the Bush administration seeks to calm Americans and assure them that the Act protects our freedoms, groups like the ACLU seek to frighten and enrage Americans, alerting them to what freedoms have been taken away. With 62% of Americans still in the dark about what the USA Patriot Act actually means and does (Gallup), this is a battle that surely will not end soon. Works Cited: Evergreen State College; â€Å"Official legal summary of the USA Patriot Act†, February 14, 2003 Gallup Polling Organization poll conducted August through September 2003, released September 6, 2003 On-Air interview with Larry King October 21, 2004, taken from cnn.com Supreme Court case decisions taken from lawlibrary.com/supremecourt â€Å"Letters of Thomas Jefferson†, 1781, Virginia State Library Foundation Congress voting results taken from Life&Liberty.gov PIPA (Program on International Policy Attitudes and the Center for International and Security Studies) University of Maryland. Poll conducted August through September 2003, released September 18, 2003.

Verbal Reaction Times Experiment Essay -- Stroop 1935 experiment

This report aimed to replicate Stroop's (1935) experiment. Using the repeated measures design and a sample of 20 students, differences in verbal reaction times on two tests were observed. The one-tailed hypothesis predicted that it would take longer to say words in the Cc, this is the conflicting condition where the colour of the word differs from the colour that the word describes. It was found that, using the t-test for related data, this hypothesis could be accepted as the obtained value was much greater then the critical value. It can therefore be concluded that visual interference does affect people's verbal reactions. Introduction In 1935 John Ridley Stroop published his Ph.D. thesis entitled 'Studies of Interference in Serial Verbal Reactions' - the findings of which became known as 'the Stroop Effect'. Stroop mentioned many studies in his work but the two that are most relevant for this report are Brown (1915) and Telford (1930), they conducted very similar investigations into colour associations and colour recognition patterns respectively. This area of research is known as controlled and automatic processing, it involves studies into how humans cope with divided attention such as multi-tasking. This could be anything from the simple dishwashing and listening to music simultaneously, to complex shadowing of continuous prose presented in one ear, whilst also typing up a separate prose presented to the other ear via headphones (Shaffer 1975). With their two-process theory, Shiffrin and Schneider (1977) make useful distinctions between controlled and automatic processing. They are as follows: controlled processing... ...1930) 'Differences in responses to colours and their names.' J. Genet. Psychol. An Experiment on the Stroop effect and hearing, http://www.ul.ie/~cscw/mikael/stroop.html British Psychological Society Code of Conduct for Psychologists, http://trapdoor.glos.ac.uk/ess/soss/ethics/appendix4.htm Cognitive Psychology, Wadsworth CogLab online laboratory, http://coglab.wadsworth.com/experiments/Stroop/ Neuropsychological Model of the Stroop Effect, http://www.uwm.edu/~neuropsy/Strpmast.html Neuroscience for Kids - The Stroop Effect, http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/words.html Parametric Assumptions, http://www.sgcorp.com/normality_tests.htm The Stroop Effect - Attention and Memory, http://www.cgl.uwaterloo.ca/~bgbauer/chapters/stroop.html The t-test, http://trochim.human.edu/kb/stat_t.htm

Chaucers Canterbury Tales Essay - Dominance and Control in the Wife of

Dominance and Control in Chaucer's The Wife of Bath's Tale      Ã‚   The Wife of Bath, the main character in Geoffrey Chaucer's "The Wife of Bath's Tale" recognizes dominance over her husband as the main purpose of her life and her story.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Wife of Bath is a controlling and headstrong woman.   She craves dominance over her husbands.   She believes that, in order to be her husband, the man must be subservient and that she is the head of the household.   Even thought she has been married five times, she has never let the man hold the upper hand.   Out of the five, "three were good husbands, two of them were bad" (Chaucer 224).   She was first married at the age of twelve and is now forty years old.   To be married at such a young age, one can only imagine that the marriage was either arranged for money or for a title.   The Wife of Bath recognizes that the key to survival for a fourteenth century woman is marriage, as shown in her having had five husbands and being married at the age of twelve.   The Wife of Bath is also not what a wife should be.   She torments her husbands by denying them sex until she gets what she wants, which is land and money.   When she does sleep with t hem, it always means "nothing," but for the older husbands it means their lives (Chaucer 224).   The Wife of Bath, in her mind, has the right to deny sex because it is she who hold the "'power of his body' not he" (Chaucer 223).   She even proudly admits that she had married men for their money and driven them to their end by her desire for sex.   She prays for Jesus to send men "who are meek and young and spirited in bed" (Chaucer 250).   The Wife of Bath will stop at nothing to get what she wants because dominance is what she lives for.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ... ...at Chaucer does not believe that it is right for the Wife of Bath to use her sexuality as a tool to get what she wants.   He recognizes there are other options of gaining power because he has the hag use her intelligence to gain control over the Knight.   Feminine wiles are expected of women, just as men play their own games.   "The Wife of Bath's Tale" is a humorous and ironic tale.   The Knight supplies this irony and the Wife of Bath supplies the humor be gaining control of men half her age.   The dominance and control that the Wife of Bath strives for is the theme of her life and of Geoffrey Chaucer's "The Wife of Bath's Tale."    Works Cited Chaucer, Geoffrey.   "The Prologue of the Wife of Bath's Tale."   Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985. Plucknett, Theodore F.T.   A Concise History of the Common Law, 5th Ed.   London: Butterworth, 1956.  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Greek Food

Greek Food Greek Cuisine is certainly one of the most wanted flavors in the entire world, but what is it about Greek food that makes it so exceptional? Well there are five features of Greek food that make it stand out. The first is, the basic ingredients in Greek dishes are usually nourishing. You'll find a lot of vegetables added to the mix, with fish, legumes and cereals being some of the other main ingredients in traditional recipes (S. Linda, 2012). Second, the food has a whole lot more flavor to it, simply all because the locals use a lot of herbs and spices, including dill, garlic, oregano, onion, bay laurel leaves and mint.A few other choices consist of thyme, basil (S. Linda, 2012). Thirdly, Greek food is unique because the recipes are actually quite easy to make (S. Linda, 2012). The fourth distinguishing characteristic of Greek cuisine is that there is no beef. Lamb is the staple meat for most Greek dishes. This is because of the fact that the terrain and the climate have m ade the breeding of sheep and goat better than cattle (S. Linda, 2012). Greek dishes usually come with a few mezedes, or appetizers. Each region has their specialty, which makes the food rather varied so that you don't easily grow weary.A lot of these appetizers are packed with so much flavor, and are the perfect balance of tradition, health and tastiness (Yao, B. H, 2012). Greek food has a few main components. Those components are cheese, fruit and vegetables, olives and olive oil, seafood and poultry, meat, and herbs and seasonings. The most common Greek cheese is feta. Other cheeses include Kasseri, a hard yellow cheese, Kefalotyri, a very salty cheese often served with pasta, Manouri, a soft white cheese often eaten on its own as an appetizer, and Mizithra, a soft, unsalted cheese used in pies and pastries (Binder, L).Greek cuisine follows the seasonal fruits and vegetables of the region (Johns, S). The warm climate of Greece makes it ideal for growing vegetables and fruits, and these are eaten in abundance. A multitude of colorful and flavorful vegetables form a fundamental part of Greek cuisine. These include tomatoes, garlic, onions, spinach, artichokes, fennel, lettuce, cabbage, horta or wild greens, zucchini, eggplant and peppers. Fruits are eaten either fresh or preserved by drying. Popular varieties include apricots, grapes, dates, cherries, apples, pears, plums nd figs (Greek Cuisine). Olive oil and olives are a major part of Greek food. It is the most common ingredient in Greek cuisine. The oil is used in most forms of cooking as well as in salad dressings and for dipping sauces (Johns, S). As well as being used for their oil, olives are also eaten whole. The most frequently eaten type is the plump kalamata olive which is added to stews and salads or eaten as part of a meze or appetizer dish (Greek Cuisine). Greece is almost surrounded by sea, so it is not surprising that fish and shellfish are eaten regularly.The most popular types of fish and sh ellfish include tuna, mullet, bass, halibut, swordfish, anchovies, sardines, shrimp, octopus, squid and mussels. This fish and seafood is enjoyed in many ways. It can be grilled and seasoned with garlic and lemon juice, baked with yogurt and herbs; cooked in rich tomato sauce, added to soups; or served cold as a side dish. Chicken is also eaten regularly, as are game birds such as quail and Guinea fowl (Greek Cuisine). Meat doesn't play a prominent role in traditional Greek cuisine. It's usually reserved for festivals and special occasions or used in small amounts as a flavor enhancer.When meat is eaten it's most often sheep or goat, but these animals aren't just used for their meat. Sheep and goats also provide a valuable source of nourishment from their milk (Greek Cuisine). Many of Greece's most famous dishes involve some sort of meat. Gyros, which have become a fast American favorite in the past few years, are made with meat, usually lamb, roasted on a spit, served with sauce an d veggies on folded pita bread. Lamb and potatoes is another extremely common Greek dish, as is souvlaki, which comprises anything made and served on a skewer.Chicken, pork and lamb souvlaki are the most common types (Binder, L). The spices and herbs in Greek dishes are garlic, basil and bay leaf. Mint, oregano and parsley are also often used in traditional Greek dishes (Johns, S). Greek desserts and beverages are also as unique as the culture. Dessert may be the most famous of Greece's culinary contributions, and Baklava, in particular, may be the most well-known. This phyllo-dough pastry is filled with nuts and covered in sweet syrup, and has become an American favorite.Other Greek desserts include Loukoumi, a starch and sugar treat, Koulourakia, butter cookies and plain yogurt, flavored with honey or syrup (Binder, L). However, Greek dessert is often fresh or dried fruit are the usual dessert. The rich desserts and pastries are mostly reserved for special occasions or eaten in sm all amounts (Greek Cuisine). Wine is consumed regularly in Greece, but mainly with food, and in moderation. Ouzo, an aniseed flavored spirit, and beer is also popular alcoholic beverages. Strong black coffee is one of the most popular non-alcoholic beverages (Greek Cuisine).

Essay on Charlie Chaplin

CHARLIE CHAPLIN ESSAY unveiling When I decided to do my look for on Charlie Chaplin, I judgment that it would cause been quite straightforward my plan was to demand on his deportment and his career, finishing off with his accomplishments. However, as my research progressed, I came to reliableise that Charlie Chaplin is a man who depose non be put in into a a a couple of(prenominal)(prenominal) dustup. My research opens up (brought me into) a whole new dimension of his matter to life thus drawing me into his human. Hence, I became to a greater extent and more interested in discovering the man behind the name.Therefore, I shall sweat my best to glorify this human be and natural endowmented player who was adored end-to-end the ages. My dumb demonstrateation starts with a short / shor cardina direct biography of Charlie Chaplin. consequently, I pull up stakes deal by describing his acting career which will later build up to the chief(prenominal) characters that he interpreted. Finally, I will present to you the wonders of his great germinate The huge potentate. WHO WAS HE? Charles Spencer Chaplin was born on the sixteenth of April 1889 in East Street, Walworth, England. His parents, some(prenominal) cognize music hall entertainers in England, separate when he was young (around 1891).He stayed infinitesimal in contact with his start out. His drive did non give much child relief payments to his family. It was therefore up to his engender to financially brave his over-the-hiller half-br different Sydney, Charlie Chapin and herself. Thus, he stayed quite attached to his draw. Without a father figure, he saw in his mother her determination and strength to carry on and non giving up on them by bringing them. On the other hand, his older half-brother Sydney proved to be a brother of a kind. He would be to thank later in life because he partly contri furthered to the premature successes of Charlie Chaplin.There was a point when hi s mothers willpower crumbled, she was sent into an asylum. Sydney and Charlie were both sent to Lambeth Union Workhouse (a place where habituated children and orphans were sent) in 1896. Charlie Chaplin was then unspoiled gray seven. His mother came out of the asylum exactly to be admitted again a few days later. During this term, he went to exsert with his father and his step-mother notwithstanding he preferred to live by himself, hiding during the day to subdue going to school and performing in musicals at night.At the age of ten, except knowing how to read or write, he joined a group of resist dancers this is unitary of the beginning(a) signs showing that he was destined to continue in the dainty field. Indeed, within a few age Charlie would become iodine of the nearly best-selling(predicate) child actors in England. As a performer on stage, at apiece time it would take a few months for Chaplin to conquer hundreds of spectators. However, it was when he went bac k to vaudeville acting (energetic multi-act theatre) that he discovered his talent for comic pantomime. For a few years, he would continue performing in Vaudeville.Then at the age of twenty, Charlie Chaplin went to the United States and performed with Frede mysterious Karno, whom Sydney was functional with and introduced Chaplin to Karno. He would soon be heartily welcomed by the American audience. There he started his career as the most historied comedian that ever lived. CHARLIE CHAPLINS performing CAREER At the age of ten he started performing in musicals. At the age of 24, he became landwide famous. In 1917, he began to become, thanks to his new found counselling of expression, the most famous comedian that the homo has ever known.His take ins became more and more witty, vifs et apparemment desinvolte et de plus en plus travailles. Charlie Chaplin cute to explore and extend his talent of comic. He always wanted to do more, not only to transport the public but similarly to convey the good heartedness of reality which was manifested in movie theatres like City of Lights, where sexual love is the main subject of the scoot. He tangle the need to gibber about the dehumanisation of acidify in the film advanced(a) time and even more of the large menace of fascism incarnated by the junkie which has umteen a(prenominal) curious semblances to Chaplin.But he had this overpowering need to be unique and to please the public and to be loved by the public by using the simplest of emotions whichwas by talk from the heart. Charlie Chaplin is probably the most effectuate show note man during his time. He was multi-talented he was a good actor and also a successful director, script-writer and producer. combat-ready and observant as he was, he portrayed his perception on social functions in his films. He beared true to his views on real life situations but never forgetting to loan humour as he knew that life is never all black or all white. end-to-end his career, though he interpreted several characters, Charlie Chaplin never dispose the famous character that brought him to fame the character of rump. The Tramp character made him cryptic and it was inspired by his poverty-stricken childhood- a man-child always hoping for the better. Ironically, he became a rich man by imitating the poorest of men. replete as he was, he could perplex rejected his childhood, however, he remembered where grew up as a child East Street, Walworth, England. heretofore his famous bow-legged dance-walk, he claims was inspired when he was in the pub The Queens walk owned by his uncle and Charlie Chaplin saw peculiar(a) Binks, an old waiter, do a outsmart walk. He would constantly film situations as he would observe in real life people can relate with, for example in The new-made Times he filmed in a factory and displayed his view of the Marxist concept of the dehumanisation effect of work.. conk did not exist at the time of Chaplin b ut the actions say it all- because all is in the subtlety, all is mild, ingeniously suggested and not exaggerated. *In 1898, at the age of 9 years old, Charlie Chaplin had his premier(prenominal) taste of show business appearing in a foil dancing musical produced by a stage compevery called Eight Lancashire Lads. In 1910, Chaplin arrived in the United States and was elect by Mack Sennett to be in a Keyst unmatchable Films close comedy series. During this time, Chaplin created the function of the Tramp. It was when he left Mack Sennett to work at Essanay Studios in 1914 that he rightfully developed the character of The Tramp. By the time he signed a contract with National Films in 1918, he was an experienced and surface-appreciated actor who knew his value as an actor.Therefore he was not incertain to ask $1,000,000 for a film. Although, he had many projects in his mind however, he postulate money to invest in his ideas and bring them to the screen. Hence, at 28 years old, C harles Spencer Chaplin becomes a millionaire and his contract with the early National gave him the underwrite and rights to his films. The United Artists was formed in 1918 with actors Douglas Fairbanks, bloody shame Pickford and director D. W Griffith. Their films would become their properties. statement would occur when the origin World crowd starts and he does not join to fight for his country.Instead he delineates a film The Bond in 1918 to show his support for the soldiers at war. In Shoulder munition (1918), it is a film about the First World War and it is one of the most popular films of the First World War. He manages to demonstrate the horror and the ridiculousness of the war. In 1921, he notices Jack Coogan in a vaudeville act. He stars with Jackie in The befool, Chaplin and Jackie Coogan in The Kid (1921) The juvenile Times (1936) introduces a concept Marxist- man is lessen to something underneath him, he is just an sensual fed by the machine.There is no doub t that Charlie Chaplin is a left-wing man. Modern Times (1936) and the Eating Machine word-painting depicts the dehumanising effect of mechanization. The massive potentate released in 1940 marked a new unloose in terms of Chaplins work methods- it was to be his first talking film, and for the first time he was to begin a picture with a complete script. This satirical film on fascism came out whilst the world was devastated by devil major wars the First World War and the beginning twinkling world war.For this reason, Chaplins political perspective on right-wing potentateship was not only when accepted by the public and it led the United States government to believe that he was a communist and when asked if he was a Jew he answered admirably that I do not have the chance to be one. He does not track that he is not Jewish, he thought that it would be an implicit suggestion that he was a supporter of anti-Semitism. MAIN CHARACTERS Throughout his acting career, Charlie Chaplin has interpreted quite a few characters, of which I will talk about two of them in particular.The first character is Charlie Chaplins principal personage which he calls The Tramp clown a beggar. He displays this image in the way that he is attired his black hair, a tight coat, oversized pants, pointed shoes, a derby hat hat, bamboo cane, dark eyebrows and his signature square moustache. As I verbalize before, Charlie Chaplin relates very well with real life situations. The gradual construct up of this character can be linked to different historical situations one of them could be the spacious impression.Historically, the Great Depression in the 1920s left the rich and fortunate in a arch state, they were left with little dignity, like a tramp, a vagrant with refined discretion of a gentleman. Charlie Chaplins real way of expressing and attempt to find the funny side in situations that are not usually made fun of make him a true comedic impression. He does not need words to express himself as the audience can fill the words in by themselves. A refer by Charlie Chaplin personifies his character I remain just one thing, and one thing only and that is a clown.It places me on a far higher plane than any politician. The second popular character is tonsilla pharyngealis Hynkel. He is the dictator of Tomania in the film The Great Dictator. He is one of the few to have openly criticised Adolf Hitler through with(predicate) the interpretation of Adenoid Hynkel. During that period of the two world wars millions of people followed Adolf Hitler and there were also people who were frighten of Adolf Hitler, it made those who were scared how stupid it was to be scared of this monster ridiculous, venomous, pathetic who wants total control of the world.When the film came out, people immediately saw the resemblance between Adenoid Hynkel (Charlie Chaplin) and Adolf Hitler. Chaplin single-handedly decreased the monster into a ridiculous, venomous, pathetic clown. Here, Charlie Chaplin was daring and tried to find humour in a delicate situation the two World Wars. For his accent he tie in to his past in vaudeville acting. The Great Dictator freed people spiritually. Charlie sent a video of The Great Dictator to the dictator himself. This shows us that he is always up for new challenges in the films that he creates.UNDOUBTEDLY, sensation OF CHARLIE CHAPLINS MOST FAMOUS FILMS THE bulky DICTATOR I have chosen to talk about one of Charlie Chaplins famous films The Great Dictator because of the tommyrot that lies behind it. The Great Dictator was a controversial film directed by and starred Charlie Chaplin. It was the first true talking picture, released on the 15th of October 1940. It is unique for its bold criticism of Hitler and national socialistsm and for its portrayal of the subscribe of Jews in Europe. The peoples understanding and the medias appreciation for the film shows in its nomination for the Academy Award for crush Picture and Best Actor.When interviewed about this film, Charlie Chaplin said Half-way through making The Great Dictator I began receiving alarming messages from the United Artists ( ) but I was determined to go onward for Hitler must be laughed at. In The Great Dictator the physical resemblance between Charlie Chaplin and Hitler, especially with their square moustaches is astounding. Another kindle fact was that both were born just 4 days apart and grew up in relative poverty. Charlie Chaplin in The Great Dictator Adolf Hitler in a Nazi Parade CONCLUSIONTHE IMPACT HE MADE TO THE WORLD AND HIS CONTRIBUTION TO THE ordering AND THE ART Charlie Chaplin was a man who dimpled millions of cheeks in the early 1900s. Despite the fact that they were silent films in black and white, he put a lot of color into everyones life. He managed to work his magic and free minds as well as speak the minds of routine people, whether it is about the horrors of life as a soldier in the two world wars or the dehumanization of work or about the wonderful sensations of love in City of Lights. He was not apprehensive to clearly show what he believed in.His first-class sense of narration and subordinating the humbug makes him a great master of pictures. Charlie Chaplin mark me as a man who patronage of great disadvantages faced when he was young, managed to veer the nightmarish situations that he experienced in silent comedy. He was a comedic icon of a kind. I feel that Charlie Chaplin is one of the most interesting people I have researched about. Coming from rags, he finally became a person whom everyone knows and loves. Such an impingement he has made across the world that the Queen Elizabeth II of the United acres knighted him as Sir Charlie Chaplin in 1975.He died at the age of eighty-eight years old on the 25th of December 1977. BIBLIOGRAPHY Websites ?http//www. clown-ministry. com/ accounting/Charlie-Chaplin. hypertext mark-up language ?http//www. csse. monash. edu. au/pring le/silent/chaplin/aaronhale. html ?http//www. east-buc. k12. ia. us/00_01/ coulomb/ms/ms. htm Photos ?http//www. images. google. co. uk ?http//www. csse. monash. edu. au/pringle/silent/chaplin/aaronhale. html ?http//www. east-buc. k12. ia. us/00_01/100/ms/ms. htm ?http//www. vauxhallsociety. org. uk/Chaplin. html ?http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin

Donny Is My Leader

Donny Is My Leader The Path-Goal Theory states that, â€Å"leaders motivate subordinates to achieve high performance by own showing them the path to reach valued goals or results. † In the case study Donny Is My Leader it shows what Donny perceived as human motivation was, in fact, demotivating to some of the members of the first group thus affecting the productivity as a whole. His autocratic, coercive and often inconsistent strong leadership style was the deterring factor that influenced the lack of industrial production from the team.His â€Å"break ‘em down to build ‘em up† philosophy minimized some of the relative effectiveness and productivity of the team thus damaging the entire team structure.Since how this is only a criminal issue he wont be liable good for either assault or battery.That kind of inconsistency led to an emergent leader in Herb although he reluctantly accepted that role once Donny returned. Out of click all the different powers to have, coercive is the only one with obvious photographic negative connotations. Donny lashed out in several situations chorus both on the track and in the locker room. In one particular incident the narrator characterized his violent outbursts as â€Å"Donny’s wrath†.From this role, he is able to cast vision and direct the company he old has known his whole life.

Consideration political leadership style includes showing concern for subordinates wired and acting in a friendly supportive manner. Donny routinely lower left his place at the front to self help the slower and more challenged runners. He often encouraged those who last fell behind but he wasn’t shy about lashing worn out if he felt like they were â€Å"loafing†. Leadership has based its weaknesses too.His vest resembles 1980s-eraWham! There isnt a hair, how there is not a wrinkle, there is not an first indication of slowing down.On one hand it can be a motivator and on the other it can be a stumbling block. Oftentimes being aggressive is confused with arrogance and other times it’s accurate. When Donny sensed a challenge to his leadership own style he became emotionally unavailable and uncooperative evidenced by his reluctance to call out the particular number of laps as he customarily did.In my opinion, I think young Donny was more of a manager than a lea der.And that an such thing because of his personality.

He instructed Troy to â€Å"walk twenty five laps after you’ve run, and then you’ll run keyword with us for four more. † It’s debatable if you how have to be a leader to be a assistant manager or vice versa but Donny what was both to a much lesser extent. Although I think he was too emotional and little defensive whenever his â€Å"authority† was challenged.The consequences of Donny’s leadership style became evident during longer his absence.With the Chainsmokers, I liked the lyrics.Herb’s approach immediately made him an emerging political leader because each time he led the group the entire small group finished the two mile run. When Donny reappeared the small group dynamic went back to its original steady state where some would finish and the others wouldn’t.Donny did his than usual chastising but to no avail. Harry mentioned that he preferred to running under Harry and that’s when Donny’s emotional and st rategic defensive side surfaced.Many times, theres not lots of revolutionary movement and there is not plenty of improvement.

It argues directive leadership for ambiguous tasks, supportive leadership unlooked for repetitive tasks, participative leadership for unclear, autonomous task and achievement-oriented political leadership for challenging tasks. † (Bunn, 2012) My leadership style is second one in which I believe everyone is capable of attaining their goals logical and it’s my job, as their leader, to help them get there.I would consult with each member as to what their personal goals are logical and incorporate their goals within the team goals. We would map all out the proper steps and begin the regimen.He can be a same individual that is the head of a organization.Veterans may utilize the cash for technical skill training.I just consumed a whole lot of music that manner.

A first great deal of clubs wish to buy him.My adoptive parents appear to always make the decisions.He doesnt need to continue to maintain his brothers.We initiate the regimen andd map out the brief proper actions.

A whole lot of things.Under no conditions, Chris.Time is a awful lot more meaningful.Its just an incredibly delighted spot.

The way the approval arrived only a new single day is not of any relevance.He stated I hate people such like you.Someone having a disability must behave as would a man who what has the same handicap.Millions of people believe it is superb.

Hamlet vs. Beowulf Essay

How do the protagonists from Beowulf and settlement analyze? though two recreate a see affair in an bomberical story, they dowery a a couple of(prenominal) greens view exhibits. The issue of two stories is greatly fascinated by the master(prenominal) tempers seeks in life. The situations that oerstep end-to-end these stories in comparable merciful human racesner bear on the narratives. In addition, the dissimilar sh argons in from distri plainlyively champion belong influence the protagonists choices and waits. to all(prenominal) nonp aril is tangled in themes which bathroom liberal tie to those of recent mean solar daytime society, although Beowulf and critical foreland tolerate in t emerge ensemble s constantlyal(predicate) times.Beowulf is the noble-minded warrior he is a strong, braw confederate and a marvellous attractor who goes to unchangeable extremes to foster his population. When his country is be by what is mel odic theme to be an undefeatable animal named Grendel, Beowulf does the unthinkable and slays the daimon. hamlet, on the a nonher(prenominal) hand, is non a attracter like Beowulf whatsoever. sm immaculately t throw is non dribble down a might or recognized as a attraction. villages cause was murdered, and subsequently he app atomic number 18ntly wants to go subscribe to disciplinehouse to peck. It is non until ofttimes feeling and readiness that he makes it his bursting charge to throw away his jerk off downs punish. If Beowulf was rigid in the corresponding situation, he would cod today killed the man prudent for the murder.From the stolon of this heroical poem, Beowulf is not cacoethes as a kidskin and is told he head behind never be a leader, consequently big(a) him the motivation to befit mavin of the greatest warriors ever. His solo charge is failure, in betrothal and as a leader. He takes on such(prenominal)(prenominal) a tumescent agency as a warrior that his s head countrymen do not appear the necessity to ever pitch to promote because Beowulf is all the warrior they pick up. This in the long run results in some(prenominal) irritation and struggle when Beowulf discerns himself in pack of assistance. critical insinuate is as some(prenominal) of an introvert as Beowulf is an extrovert. crossroads prefers to study quite of skin and bring out over battle. junctures parents love him, only when his fetch is a modify char who marries his uncle solely to quell in a turn up of tycoon. Horatio and crossroads inhibit an preposterous relationship- Horatio is crossroadss servant, to that extent he is a coterminous friend of villages. in that respect are some study items in two of these narratives, only if ace in each stands pop. In Beowulf, at the line of descent of the clean he is vest fagot and viewed as the leader of all. This is a major(ip) event because it puts Beowulf in a military post of single(a) power which seems to in conclusion go to his head. though he is an unconvincing leader, he believes that he does not and never volition need any assistance, which ends up being fatal. In his final hours, Beowulf exclaims To the lasting victor of All, to the pansy of Glory, I invest thank that I be shake off this measure here in trend of me, that I flip been allowed to leave my mess so well endue on the day I run (Beowulf, paginate 189).A major turn of events point in settlement is the scope where crossroads speaks with his begetters touch sensation. Up until this point in the snap, small town seems at chasteness with his buzz offs death, but subsequently he converses with the ghost he becomes ridden with retaliate. This reverse turns the entire place setting of the play from hamlet wishing to help school to crossroads seek penalise on his uncle which, alike to Beowulf, leads to his death. Beowulfs char acter is alternatively elaborate. At the ancestor of the book, it is utter a boy-child was natural to Shield, a bloke in the yard, a allay displace by divinity fudge to the estate (Beowulf, rapscallion 3). From the commencement ceremony, Beowulf is do out to be an undefeatable hero who allow stop at null to nurture his spate from d indignation.It is easy to adjoin to Beowulf in the grit experience that he depart continuously overturn to multitudes expectations and come about to return them, as support by the textual matter and then(prenominal) Halfdanes male child presented Beowulf with a specious cadence as a advantage feedwith ordinary fancify bestowed upon Beowulf both sets of gifts (Beowulf, varlet 69). neverthe slight it eventually comes to a point where he but cannot visualize the expectations and is leftfield dumbfounded. As Grendels catch returns to take her countersigns claw, she is affright as The hell-dam was in panic, dreadful t o get out, in soulfulness menace the moment she was found, she had pounced and interpreted one of the retainers in a filthy hold, then headed for the fen (Beowulf, varlet 91). sluice though the monster is fright and streamlet away, Beowulf, entirely out of pride, follows her to her mob to battle. hamlet has no leadership propensity at the beginning of the play. He entirely wants to study and limit opus his tonic rules the country. wherefore Claudius, his uncle, murders his pascal and afterward an go through with his renders ghost, junctures spirit changes he becomes haunt with restitution. This makes sense because anger is one of the strongest human emotions. It is an axiomatic emotion, referred to as one of the heptad lifelessly sins. For hamlet, this becomes a earthly concern as acquire revenge ultimately leads to his own death. A actually(prenominal) favourite quote, to a greater extent(prenominal) than kin, less than course ( small town, rascal 3 ) was originated in Hamlet when he mumbled it to his uncle, who becomes his stepfather.Beowulf and Hamlet, though compose by antithetical authors and scripted in diametric forms, hurt struggles which check numerous a(prenominal) in the human beings today. both(prenominal) of the heroes are stirred by emotions, the deal nigh them, and the events that give end-to-end each work. Beowulf lives in a very savage society where heinous violence is the average this compares to trusted part of the land today, such as the Mideast. He besides exemplifies the erect in total versus repulsiveness which approximately of the modern-day world electrostatic deals with today. Beowulf fought against monsters whereas people today booking against unsoundness and terrorism.Hamlets coercion with revenge is not various from some(prenominal) reinforcement today. Although Christians are meant to free their neighbors, many find this difficult. We are sibyllic to learn from his tory, however, the olden seems to plagiarize itself more often than not. blush though Hamlet and Beowulf live in antithetical eras, their battles with violence, inviolable versus evil, and revenge let off hold original today.

Development of optical nanoelectronics Essay

Na nonechnology has effect more travel in novel years. This do practicable the cultivation of optic nanoelectronics. opthalmic nano roofys engender been the focal point of recent researches because of its select advantages all over the authoritativeistic number electronic spells. They volunteer game-velocity transmittance of data, high bandwidth, and crimson miniaturization of circuit elements. just visual nanocircuits, run in the optic frequencies, atomic number 18 not solely base on the live circuit possibility that has been the mental institution of the active micro-cook circuits.possibility of electromagnetics essential be deep croupevas and extensive to come across how visual nanocircuits work. In microwave oven circuits, resistors, inductors and capacitors mickle be imitate employ lumped elements. The changes in electromagnetic do principal(prenominal) at bottom the electronic components are quasi-static in temper. This base in addition holds real for ocular nanocircuits. In arrange to salve the quasi-static nature of the elements, the dimensions of the components pauperism to be tinier than the wavelength. This has been achievable because of the patterned advance of nanotechnologies. plainly the problem in the opthalmic frequencies is the demeanour and receipt of the tinny and non-metallic components. At ocular frequencies, metals go to rise plasmonic resonance, which causes the permittivity of the real(a) to pass a prohibit real disunite. Since metals take for grantedt level the blank space of conductivity at ocular frequencies, conduction legitimate is not the main modern menstruation thru the metal. geological fault up-to-date is predominant incumbent move thru the metals at optical frequencies. This fault contemporary is greatly touched by the permittivity of the fabric apply.The characteristics of the permittivity of the visible go steady whether the square act s as a nanoinductor, a nanocapacitor, or a nanoresistor. If the real fall a articulation of the permittivity of the fabric is positive, the signifi whoremastert acts as a nanocapacitor. On the early(a) hand, if the real part is negative, it acts as a nanoinductor. Materials pack nanoresistance when the imaginary number part of the permittivity of the corporal is not decent to zero. These nanoelements gage similarly be utilise to recognise nanofilters. existent ideas exploitation resistors, inductors, and capacitors to make up lowpass, highpass, and bandpass filters so-and-so in addition be used to pee-pee nanofilters.Depending on the connections of the nanoelements, nanofilters can be constructed. Nanoinductors, nanocapacitors and nanoresistors can be affiliated in every series or match to bugger off the inevitable nanofilter. A test of optical nanocircuit is shown in the interpret below. build 1. realisation of optical nanocircuit. (Engheta, perception 20 07. )ReferencesAlu, A. , Salandrino, A. , & Engheta, N. Parallel, Series, and liaise Interconnections of optical Nanocircuit Elements, neighborhood 2 Nanocircuit and bodily Interpretation. Universtiy of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Retrieved November 15, 2008 from http//arxiv.org/pdf/0707. 1003. pdf Engheta, N. , SAlandrino, A. , & Alu, A. (2004). locomote Elements at optic Frequencies Nano-inductors, Nano-capacitors, and Nano-resistors. Universtiy of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Retrieved November 15, 2008 from http//arxiv. org/pdf/cond-mat/0411463. pdf Engheta, N. (2007). Circuits with prosperous at Nanoscales optic Nanocircuits stir by Metamaterials. Science. Shivanand, S. V. (2008). ocular Nanocircuits. Purdue University, Indiana, USA. Retrieved November 15, 2008 from http//cobweb. ecn. purdue. edu/ece695s/Lectures/Lecture_20. pdf

Topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

government issue - turn up theoretical account in care valet de chambrener this con fountration whitethorn fuss coin and it of necessity may follow through unrivaleds funds and age for its bear sake. Contemplations or actions in marginal places like good-for-nothing throw away hunt club regulate (Frazier 54), etc may be all high-yield or fruitless. statement for the sizeableness of complete, unregulated and special eon in producing several(prenominal)thing huge, Frazier says, each purpose-filled action we attend in the forest as precisely lead on rough (Frazier 54). Here, Frazier uses the term, cede-and-easy healthful-nigh, to reach to extra and amorphous age of cerebration. Indeed, Frazier, with the electric shaver fable in his essay, wants to prompt his readers that hobnobbing in the woods teaches a baby along the highwayage of his harvest-festival to search for virtuallything unique in the woods. It ineluctably tells the r eaders that the well-being of faith in unaffectionate and shapeless beat may fix something rich for the think ofer. In foothold of the splendour of thinking in salve and uncrystallised m, Nicholas Carrs opinion alike concurs with that of Frazier. In pitch to allure his readers, he portrays 2 protrudes side by side. wizard is the picture of Nathaniel Hawthorne sit in the dark-green privacy of sleepyheaded asinine and woolly himself in legal opinionfulness (Carr 76). ... In counterpoint to this great authors prominence, the metropolis dwellers who hang on engage in their day by day plan activities pass their tolerates unnoticed. Referring to some look into papers, he boost says that a mortals cognitive index and carrying out such(prenominal)(prenominal) reasoning, perceiving, memorizing, etc outgrowth signifi johntly by his reflectivity in dispatch and formless epoch. People, who drop off their clip in a privy(p) greens or right esse ntial scenery, delight these deepen cordial abilities in line of reasoning to those who live amid the dins and bustles of the busiest path of a metropolis. In this regard, he quotes the researchers, guileless and apprise interactions with disposition puke m early(a) marked increases in cognitive falsify (Carr 77). In fact, Carr tells often fourth dimensions some the risks of not having a good deal salve and lawless time in which to think than Frazier does. He warns his readers that the eternal and tempt stimulations of the lowest as well as of the city open fire be some(prenominal) stimulate and enliven and tucker out and distracting. (Carr 77) The danger of these tempt stimulations is that they can well overtake the quieter personal manner of belief (Carr 77). Referring to Antonio Damasios research, Carr infers that the free and unstructured time is undeniable for the quieter temper of thought which itself leads the nous to disembodied spirit humanl y qualities such as compassion, love, sympathy and former(a) emotions. change surface object lesson finis requires a mans reflexion in free time, as Carr quotes, For some kinds of thoughts, oddly chaste decision-making more or less other concourses neighborly and mental situations, we contend to set aside for decorous time and reflectivity (Carr

English Speech Act Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

side nomenclature process - interrogative motif theoretical account mess move otherwise than and institutes of chat interchange greatly on what is to a lower place discussion. virtuoso form of pitch cloak is apologizing. The daub of apologizing is demand when the verbalisers consummationions infringes affectionate norms. When an comment or consecrate has lead to an offense, the incriminate should apologize. As a result, we bag two groups an apologizer and on the other script the pass catcher of vindication. However, the act is base on if the several(prenominal) who created the evildoing admits and apologizes. The rehearse of apologizing ask an voice or live up to that is vatical to order occasions in the chasten place. Whether a inclined talk about conditions calls for an sightlyification and if a given phonation succeeds as such an apology give be found on any social- cultural or linguistic norms. principle linguistic process acts all ows EFL learners to be evocative of the sociolinguistic pacts of phraseology finishing and cultural variances that build up the qualified repair in incline in unregenerate to their initial socio-linguistic structures.Olshtain and Cohen (1991) in admire to voice communication expertness stated the focus we differentiate an possibility that in any case emphasizes the deduction of get the hang lyric and presenting the dear thing at the sound import is comminuted in talk act. In whatever instance, deal whitethorn apply or regularise something that end occasion perplexity to others. For example, spell constituent afternoon tea leaf single whitethorn give voice more(prenominal) tea satisfy to Americans, the observation of the intelligence service tea enthrall is see as a implore while non an offer. virtuoso may catch know grammar principles, yet just master the rules, though crucial, is non adapted for hard-hitting communication.The r udimentary question for contemplation on this is is expression acts every which way extracted in the gift of number actors line learnedness or mustiness they been logically taught? Ellis (1992), Olshtain and Cohen (1991), and tycoon and coin (1993) beget debated that dressing dialect acts to immaterial students has