Should students be required to take general education course Essay

Should students be required to portion out general education course - Essay Examplespecialization courses, understanding of values and cultures goes for a flick (Goessl), till the passed out students realize the pressure of working in multicultural job places.There is more. In 2013, a person trained to be a problemman and an administration manager could non issue well in the post Recession world where he had to revive his fathers business of selling medication. His haste to check the growing debts kept him under stress to the extent that he took to crapulence and marijuana that only further worsened his condition.Fact is life after college is filled with challenges. Some of these challenges obtain up in daily life while some come up in emergencies like the Global Recession. Todays world is more dynamic and is built on the foundation that economic growth is not possible without an all-round approach to ethical, environmental, and educational investments that society at large postulate to undertake. We have ignored the balance long enough, and we are the ones to have paid the price.Children growing up in todays world understand that unless a multi-dimensional approach to education is adopted then go the various pressures of post-education life is not possible. However, by the time college education reckons, the expectations of teenagers and adolescents change and in their impatience to contain studies fast, a concentrated approach is what most students prefer to adopt.Students entering the portals of college life always begin by selecting the subjects of their preference and try to stick to them. However, mid-way through their studies they realize that the subject they have chosen may not be suitable for them and that is when they opt to look for a change in subjects or elective. An irony of the westbound education policy is that school life does not offer the general education that empowers students to take a right decision and make a wise choice ba sing on their own strong points. take curricula are mostly designed to allow the

Curriculum Alignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Curriculum Alignment - Essay ExampleHaving complete this important link of curriculum design with the batch which it is aimed at, it is apt now that the question of how be answered and for this pattern the curriculum needs to be divided into several layers or several modes depending on whom it is directed towards. didacticsal level learning is related to giving out a set of instructions so that they be followed and this teaches children to follow simple instructions which obviously leads to a life retentive journey of understanding and acting when told what to do and be able to prioritize when faced with multiple tasks, priority levels should be taught by ingraining in students the grandness of realizing how important time really is and what needs to be done quickly because of the importance of the task that is at hand. A good example for this type of study would be to make students mollycoddle in activities such as treasure hunting where clear cut clues could be given to the m and they should be asked to follow a set of instructions, these games or activities should be conducted regularly so as to makes students realize that it is passing to be a part of the whole process and also it is very important that these activities should be socialize for the students because to make students follow a set of instructions it is important that the students do not find it trammel to say the least. Students who fail to perform on the larger scale of a treasure hunt should be worked upon in the class room where they might be given simpler tasks with a clear cut instruction set.Developmental LevelsThe most challenging tasks of all is to mould a childs brain, when the word mould is apply it is used in the sense that the process of tuition chutes from a very early level and to develop a proper personality there should be courses or programs instilled in the curriculum so as to start the process of molding and hence lay seeds to a personality of tomorrow. Having la id the foundation of the importance of victimization programs the next question is, as always, how. The answer to this query lays in the theory that the difference between rightly and unlawful should be taught from the very beginning because this is what brings morality into any character and moralities is the basis of character development or any other sort of development because with out morality there can be no right or wrong. The sense of what is right and what is wrong can be instilled in people this early in life by use stories where there is a clear cut livestock that shows what is evil and what is good and glorifies what is good to such an extent that it becomes a character trait of the people that begin this program. For example a story could be told to children every day where the difference between right and wrong is clearly marked and to emphasize on this a short movie could be arranged for the children one time or twice a week so that they would find it amusing a nd would also learn using their perceptory sensation because that would leave a deep mark in the memory and would go a long way in contributing to the development of children.DisabilityTo cope with disability there should

IT Company and Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

IT Company and Globalization - Essay ExampleThis report aims to offer an insight into the effort of an organisation to maintain its sustainability with the development of different marketing strategies to retain the pertaining competitive advantages and stage new advantages over the competitors. The strategies have been discussed in light with the relative theories.Information technology has been a prodigious influential factor to shape up any companys presence in the spherical market. As the numbers of elements in the business network have been increasing, maintaining the relationship between the elements has been becoming to a greater extent and more difficult. This report aims to explore the contribution of the information technology to offer a sustainable note in the international business environment. A conclusion has been inferred from the analysis of the organisations marketing strategies to the enhancement and evolvement of new competitive advantages.Skype has brought r evolution in the world of communication. Globally, a huge number of people character their product to make free audio and video calls, share files with other users, worldwide. The organisation was institutionalised in the stratum of 2003. Based in Luxemburg, the organisation has its offices in the Europe, United States and Asia regions. In the third quarter of the year 2009, the Skype users made 3.1 billion minutes of calls to various landlines and mobiles, spread worldwide. This leading internet communication company has report of 20 million people to be online in the pick hours. The wide range of products and services has granted Skype to be one of the leaders in global internet communications medium. Whats most important, however, is what Skype erect do. Voice and video calling, IM and SMS are now available on a wide range of in operation(p) systems and mobile devices (Skype, n.d.). Skype has been software to bind the world in a single thread. This has been quite appreciated to ease the people to cut on their costs as they are now

British Film Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

British Film - Research composing ExampleThis determination was fueled by his strong-minded mother, an out-and-out teacher, as well as his consume courage and determination to overcome his physical disability. The Hi drool of the Film The Irish culture and its local context of use is shown and is depicted in the conduct and actions of different characters. Apart from the physical struggle of Christy, the story also appeals to the hearing emotionally, physically and psychologically. The film appeals to audiences in a way show how one can overcome a serious handicap to achieve life goals. It reveals the complexity of man, able to overcome physical disability and stark(a) speech impediment. Christy displays a fighting spirit and intelligence throughout the film in all situations patronage his lack of ability to communicate. The film begins with a setting in which Christy has been invited to a home of a moneyed sponsor, and he is given a nurse to look after him until he appears on stage. The nurse sees him with a book and is fascinated with its title My Left Foot, and she begins to go through it chapter by chapter. As she reads it, she discovers the life story of Christy in a flashback. The nurse however discovers that Christy is humorous, despite his background that is affected by poverty. Christy mumbles inarticulate comebacks to his grows dinner table in a pestering manner. Christy appears not interested in umteen things around him but he in happy when his brothers and sisters laugh, however his father appears confused. Christy was unable be pertain with anything at all in his life and is he developed a keen interest in painting as he prefers to listen to his mother. The doctor is seen physically outside his locked bedroom and is closely rustling about Christy. However, even further than the humor Sheridan permits the hard won joy in Christys story. The unaccustomed scene is where the family watches as the young at the age of five hold a piece of glass with his toes and makes letter A. At this stage, Christy is discovering a way of expressing himself to others, as he could not speak as a normal child. Christy later writes the word mother on the floor with a piece of chalk. This is observed piano and sensitively as the scene reveals a real sense of completion at the end of such a pleasing surprise. In the film, the local Irish society in which Christy is born is depicted as poor and somehow genuinely religious but at times considers the handicapped as something serious. throughout his early days, Christy played with local children and his brothers and sisters. The neighbors at times make attempts to play with Christy openly although he has not learned to speak or how to express himself. The family and the whole community of Christy is seen having deep ties to one another and ar final extremely proud of Christy. His fathers is seen as a good father in his family. However, the father is at times harsh and often quarrels his child ren, despite himself being truly devoted to his family and their needs. The nexus between mother and son runs throughout the story from its very beginning. The heavily pregnant demonstrate her complete to Christy although she is alone in the small house she struggles to carry the disabled son upstairs to his sleeping-room. She later agrees with him to honor the money meant to buy him a good

Achieving Effective Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Achieving Effective Communication - Essay ExampleI provoke a 53% score for judging, which translates to a high preference for judging to perceiving. I prefer vigilant planning activities to the belief of improving on a situation or going by the feelings that be current. The urge for adventure is an outstanding factor evident from my pen. I prefer finding a root to problems by means of new and innovative approaches to applying familiar means. When devising considerations in any situation, I deliberate on the possibilities of the sequence of events rather than on apparent circumstances. I prefer to explore a variety of options, through which the course of events may assume to following the normality in the development of events. In making judgment, I am sakeed in the details leading to the realization of ideas, contrary to basing them on mere inductive reasoning of thoughts. I give room for the avoidance of strict observance of set regulations to come up with nonparasitic and r ational results. In taking actions, as a response to occurrences, I speculate about a number of options that backside bring the best outcome, instead of acting instantly. I put trust in reason and independence of thought as compared to actions taken ground on feelings. I admit no ambiguity when acting on situations and any step geared towards success should be unequivocal, in my look and beliefs. I undertake clearly defined plans, with explicit instructions, well formulated for the best possible outcome. My profile can be helpful in amic open conflict management at the throwplace. The belief in the exploration of a number of options to find the best possible solution is a massive push to nurturing conflict management skills. My profile also allows me to take instructions with utmost intensity and devotion towards them. tolerance to a number of personality traits is a key factor that my profile allows me to integrate. This enables me to have dedicated interest and cooperation in team works, at the work place. Perfected negotiation skills, given the high tolerance to innovation of personality traits, are a boost towards desirable relations with colleagues at the work place. My preference for clearly defined plans to undertake activities helps in improving the quality of outcomes at the workplace. I, therefore, would prefer working with high probable and trained personnel to colleagues who tend to be unprincipled at executing their roles. Intolerance to ambiguity and vagueness in the execution of duty at the work place is a compliment to desirable supervisory traits. I, therefore, can effectively undertake supervisory roles at the work place. Innovativeness to finding solutions to problems, as opposed to normal solutions, makes an eye-popping and enormous contribution towards having a desirable peer-to-peer relationship at the work place. I am able to conduct an employee assessment and personality improvement at the workplace, given my deep instinct in making rational, informed and sane judgments. In the overall sense, my profile enables me to have an enviable behavior at the work place given the close relations with colleagues and senior personnel. A complete contrast to my profile would be the introverted sensing feeling perceiving. Contrary to my profile, such a person is quick to make decisions based on premises that are not well thought-out. These premises lead to irrational conclusions that cannot serve the intention for their formulation to the fullness of satisfaction.

Small system practice - social work Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Small system cause - loving work - Assignment Examplees are unequal to the larger student company thus as a social worker you may use inequality to promote a higher level of equality in the access of limited resources hence giving them a just about better chance than the other student community.Using the ERS system it may give many counterpoint rules and thus ethical principles may apply. For example, Principle 6-confidentiality and Principle 7- full disclosure both seem to turning but the rank in the EPS system dictates the preceding principle gains priority(Ralph & Harrington & Frank 66). This way will tell ethical practice dilemmas related to immigrants are handled carefully and mindfully..4. Building a community partnership strategy. The social student worker will be obliged to bring the families of the deported parents together and through their voices and hearing their wishes and need advocate for providence through facilities such as foster homes.Bringing together comm unity stakeholders and making it clear of their roles in that it will include giving where the return will be improvements that will act the lives of the children and families as well as support their

Ethical Judgments Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethical Judgments - Assignment Example42). A well-trained conscience stands a die chance in fashioning upright decisions than one inadequately trained. Looking at the natural and hearty particularors determining the shaping of an individuals conscience, one brought up in an apathetic society and under an environment frizzly of what is right is most likely to participate in un ethical actions. There also are extremists who notion for the slightest loop in every decision made, these are likely to see revile in any actions taken (Ruggerio, 2008). The conscience stands as the best guide an individual has to distinguish between right and wrong (Ruggerio, 2008, pg. 39). Not to be forgotten is importance on the need of time and intelligence is needed when making a decision.Shifting attention to the inquiries and viewing them from the ethical standpoint of the actions is vital in showing ethical and unethical decisions. Looking at the scene of the cosmetologist in a local beauty salon is especial(a) in determining right and wrong.1) A cosmetologist takes pride in his love of making his clients feel considerable about themselves in their features and looks. He does this while recommending the use of the products he has in store despite the fact that they are not as effective as publicized to be. His emphasize is on clients attractiveness as what all his clients should have.5) The cosmetologists makes the clients build confidence in the products he has for sale in order to receive in high spirits gross sales and thus high returns despite the fact that the products are not as effective as they are claimed to be. This is treacherous7) Thus, it is unethical for a cosmetologist to use the clients in order to make high sales while selling them nonperforming products. Retaining a high reputation out of giving false complements to clients is unethical as it denies the clients a chance to seek what is

Analysis of Article on Nursing Management Styles Essay

Analysis of Article on Nursing Management Styles - prove Exampleance of honing guidance skills in the nursing profession has created a demand for the development and institution of focus styles and techniques in nursing. The response to the advocacy has been a significant increase in research to improve period forethought and administrative training, improving insights for not only nursing managers but the profession in planetary (Besner, 2006).In Mark Grzeskowiaks (2005) article, Management Styles, he points out that one of the first tasks of developing management competencies is determine what management style is to be utilized. He develops this idea by highlighting how different management styles affect work outcomes. This implies the need to assess not only management competencies but also the characteristics of the transcription it is to be applied in.According to Grzeskowia, there atomic number 18 two main management styles, knows as swaggering and democratic and consi ders tout ensemble other styles of management as a product of either. Authoritarian management is characterized by a high degree of control limited to one or a small theme of individuals. It is a prescriptive or instructive in nature, allowing for limited discussion or alternative channels. depute and power is not reserved to the head of the organization but he has advantage over all other members of the organization. To create a contrast with authoritarianism, Grzeskowia presents democratic management as a counter-point. This is characterized as an egalitarian style, encouraging discussion and collaboration. Though there are authority figures, there is wider distribution of power. Furthermore, decision are developed from consensus rather that by instruction.As Grzeskowia (2005) illustrates through case scenarios, what works for one organization whitethorn not necessarily work for another. Managers should then be able to formulate and implement management styles that leave be mo st beneficial and productive. In the context of nursing, some functions or operations may

Asda Stores - Internal communications Assignment

Asda Stores - Internal conversations - Assignment ExampleIt does this to build trust in the organization. Townley (1994) and Caruth et al. (1995) both emphasize on the importance of providing stakeholders and staff with enough information in order to forfend cases of mistrust and build staff morale. Benefits of transparent communication in an organisation It gives the staff a top off picture of picture of their tasks and the subsequent outcome. This in turn helps to build their morale and motivation to put more than effort to their tasks. Transparent communication makes the staff feel leave of the organization or have a sense of ownership. Asda has greatly tapped into this in ensuring that the colleagues feel like the owners of the investment firm. Transparency in communication also ensures that in case of problems at work the manager or owner will be freely intercommunicate therefore avoid incidents that can easily be solved. The staff could also bring in their psyche sugges tions and ideas to foresee the success of the store. The store will therefore be able to enjoy a great contribution of ideas. Distinction between internal and external communication is another strategy Asda uses in its communication as well as maintaining regular and frequent communication among the staff (Boxall 2003, p. 13). Media Used in talk in the Organisation 1. Employee Branding Miles and Mangold (2004) define employee mark as the act by which employees of a particular organization internalize the organizations trademark and project the same to customers and the entire public. Employee branding works well where the employees or colleagues as referred to by Asda willingly make an emotional connection with the stores products by deciding to be part and parcel of all the stores ventures. boffo employee branding leads to increase in number of customers and eventually increased sales and profits. Employees need to like a particular brand in order for them to effectively connec t with it and decide to be branded using the same. Artain and Schumann (2006) came up with thirteen points that are important to note about employee branding. These are discussed below. The organizations reassure to its employees The organisation has to explain what is in store for the employees. For instance, the benefits could be accumulated by the decision of employees to be part of the organization. This will help the employees to be motivated to work for the organization. Business Strategy Employees must have unload information of the organizations plan of action. They must fully understand the goals, objectives and strategies that the company wishes to adopt. The organizations expectation from its employees is also critical to be known in advance for effective branding. Doing this will help the employees decide whether this is what they want to experience done their professional life (Enz & Siguaw 2000, p. 54). Customers Employees should know how the organization wants the m to treat the customers. For example, managers should take lead by example when it comes to treating customers with compliancy and high esteem. Employees tasks The company should lay down in advance what is expected from the employees for example the mode of action, dressing, and work hours among others. The company should also invest in ensuring that employees fully understand what the brand is all about. Connection of what happens out-of-door the organisation and what happens inside The organisation must find a way to

BlackBoard On Line Assignment #3 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BlackBoard On Line 3 - Assignment ExampleIn essence, the video is a pitch for new employees by Walmart. The follow is selling itself to any electric potential employees out there, and showing the modern ones that it still values them even when actively move to recruit others. I was particularly impressed by the narrators discussion of Walmarts culture and how new employees can grow in her company where all the right conditions are available for employee development. The video is trying to send a message that it is comfy to grow at Walmart. This is a very good initiative that will surely carry an impact, and Walmart should be commended for it.Page 324 of chapter 11 talks about the value of motive. A majority of people hold a perception that only current employees should always be motivated by companies. This is a fallacy because potential employees also need to feel motivated enough to want to work for a firm. Job seekers have to have reasons other than money for wanting to wor k for a particular company, and one of the biggest reasons should be motivation that is driven by factors other than money (work environment, culture, ethics, and growth).Page 342 of chapter 11 talks about personalizing motivation and the splendour of applying motivation in different cultures around the world. This is because companies nowadays have employees from all over the globe, and their diverse cultures cannot be receptive to the same motivation techniques. Smart managers and firms know that they have to tweak and adapt their motivation approaches to drive everybody, regardless of their culture/background.Page 356 of chapter 12 talks about how to recruit employees from a diverse population, something that Walmart is trying to do in the discussed video. The company is basically selling itself to everyone, regardless of where you are from. Because its culture is conducive

Juvenile justice Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Juvenile justice - Thesis ExampleIt is strongly mat that the best institutions that could try child or juvenile offenders need to be Juvenile Courts, and not large Courts. This is because of the two principal reasons2. At their tender age, what is more(prenominal) important is the ability of the system to take punitive and rehabilitative measures to bring the offender back into the mainstream in order to do productive and useful prep be in future. By incarcerating the child to jail sentences, their future lives are spoiled and even after their sentences are completed, it may be too late to beingness them back into the mainstream of social life, and thus, later, they would prove burdens for themselves and society and may indulge in large-scale criminal activities due to non-correctional measures.Children and juveniles are not in a bureau to offer strong defense in adult courts of law because of their cognitive disabilities and other limitations because of which their position would be marginalized in adult Courts and they would not be in a position to defend themselves as tumesce as they could possibly be able to do in Juvenile Courts, which would need to take more compassionate perspective of their crimes and misdemeours and pass judgments, based on individual characteristics of the crime and perceived child criminal.The aspect of children being tried in adult Courts is a social problem and s... Judgments need to be based on rehabilitative and correctional therapy and not designed to be punitive based. The aspect of children being tried in adult Courts is a social problem and sociologists, child behavioral specialists and child psychologists need to feel the right of ensuring that the incidence of such cases are kept to the minimum. However, when one has to judge the severity of the crime, especially murder or rape, there needs to be a greater degree of autonomy to be granted to the sub judice process in trying such serious offenses and meting out pu nishment to the offenders, whether under-age or adult. This research subscribe would take up the matter of trying children and its short and long-term implications upon society. The research question is Should children or Juveniles be tried in adult courtsLiterature Review In order to understand the progression of this hypothesis, it is requirement to go back to history. The aspects of juvenile Courts are a recent phenomenon. During the 18th Century, an offender who was above 7 historic period of age would be treated as adults. It was believed during that time that children below 7 years lacked virtuous capacity, and was thus devoid of giving consent. It has been documented that, before the 20th Century, 10 children below 14 years of age were awarded capital punishment in US for committing heinous crimes. (Stolba, 2001). The combination of child offenders with adult criminals in prison settings created social unrest, so much so that the Society for the prevention of juvenile del inquents was formed in 1925. With the primary objective of rehabilitating juvenile offenders. Since the majority of

Experimental economics summary paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Experimental economics summary paper - Essay ExampleThus, the article pointed forth the basic role of human behavior in the ongoing economic trend in the world. The Ultimatum grainy is not just a simple game but it has substantial implications in the real world. master(prenominal) Findings The first main finding presented in the article is about how state may decide rationally or irrationally in a bargaining situation. In either way, the main point is that people understand the idea of having much more is a better option than having less or none in the context of decision-making process situation. Even though an individual understands that having more than enough is better than having less, fluid the concept of fairness is very significant in the article. Applying this in the actual setting, consumers may be loth to participate in exchange when the other party gets a large portion of the surplus (Thaler 203). The Ultimatum spicy is a perfect replica of what is happening in th e actual setting. People tend to adhere to the concept of fairness because everyone seems wanting to get much more, but in reality this cannot happen most of the time. This resulted to come across somewhere at the midway where the concept of fairness prevails.

Clinical study report for plavix Case Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Clinical report for clopidogrel bisulfate - Case Study Exampleat least an issue of atherothrombotic event like heart malady, crack as well as those diagnosed with peripheral arterial diseases characterized by problems with blood flowing into arteries especially in the leg region. This medicine is also prescribed for patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and those with arterial fibrillation (AF) characterized by fast and strong heartbeats (Dickie, Jennifer, and Lesley 34).Platelets are responsible for the clotting of blood whenever it is necessary for example, when one has a cut and in doing so prevents father bleeding and hemorrhage. In the event that arteries are narrowed by plagues, the body reacts by aggregating unneurotic and they may rapture and further increase narrowing of these vessels, which is, likely to increase the chance of heart attack, guesswork and other circulatory disorders. This medicine acts by reducing the chances of these occurrences by p reventing the coagulation in the first place.clopidogrel bisulfate acts by irreversibly binding to the P2Y12 receptors on platelets and preventing Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) from activating platelets, which form clots. Drug belongs to the group of drugs called P2Y12 inhibitors and is similar to the drug Ticlopidine (Ticlid) in its chemical structure and mechanism of action. The only difference is that Clopidogrel bisulfates do not cause effective decline in the white blood cell count as seen in patients on Ticlopidine indeed there is no need for regular tests to determine white blood cell counts.Plavix is employ to prevent the risk of heart disease and stroke in patients who have had a recent episode of heart attack, stroke and narrowed arteries as well as those suffering from peripheral vascular disease characterized by pain in the leg, which could be disabling. The US Food and Drug Association (FDA) approved this drug in 1997.This drug is used in prevention of atherothrombotic events like myocardial infarction (MI), Stroke and vascular death in patients with

Terrorism Debate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Terrorism Debate - Essay ExampleTerrorism washstand be sparked by a group of individuals who do not lack to agree with the society or how their countries argon being governed by their leaders, so they commit much(prenominal) criminal and inhumane acts to make a statement of protest (Shimko 296). It is whether they want communism, socialism or anarchy in their nation or they want to overthrow their leaders and bring in people who pass water qualities similar to the ones their ideal leaders are supposed to have. They know for a fact that in order to overthrow a government, the best representation is to bring down the economy. And one of the post 9/11 aftermaths engendered economic depression not single in the USA but all approximately the world. Blowing up harbors of business like that results in depleting jobs, want in funding and a huge international debt.We are well aware of the presence of anti-peace groups around the world, and there are many present in different religions of America. Although these attacks do not necessarily have to be due to religious animosity, we need to keep an open mind and understand that there could be thousands of reasons to motivate people for conducting such acts of monstrosity. However, in this case the reasons became clear when the terrorist took upon themselves accountability for their actions and stated the reasons that motivated such acts, which were rooted in religion (Rubin 349). These people intend to destroy whatever stands in their ways they handle everyone who does not believe in what they do to be ruthlessly killed. These men are not cowardly of dying, and so their objective is to inflict pain and fill their victims with fear.These victims were mostly business people, and each and every psyche that died in those buildings was innocent. Three thousand of those innocent civilians went to work on the 11th of September, and nobody returned home to their families and friends. Hundreds of

The importance of group work in educational process Essay

The importance of assort lap in educational process - Essay ExampleSummarizing is essential to either hand written adjudicate when ever that study is needed to help people learn about what one might give up seen, read or heard. It is used by millions everywhere at every minute in in all possible kinds of assignments. What needs to be understood about these summaries is that one needs to recognize when one has to go from explaining and describing to offer a better and a more complex analysis. The group was asked to write on their generate on the work they had done together. And on the time they had spend together as a group working on the assignment that they had been assigned. The few points that this report would signify are The introduction The makings of a steady-going group-essay A reflective essay Networking and mentoring The Introduction In the start the class was asked to divide into groups of preferably 4 to 5 people. This was the most optimal limit of the groups. T he class was as well asked to have different personalities in the group, as different personalities brought different aspects to the group. The members chose each other on the basis of nationalities. Though there were almost cardinal different nationalities in the group, the mode of conversation was English as it is understood by most of them. They were Annette, Alan, Rinkesh, and Mohammed. This situation group had quite a few nations, like Hong Kong, India, Arabia, china so they all brought their culture and variation to the group. The group went through four steps of group work. These four steps are described by Tuckan as forming, storming, norming and performing (Hingst & Lowe, 2008, 157-165). Accordingly the group came together and introduced themselves in the first award of forming. In this show the discussion was light hearted and the topic of the project was discussed. There was no hierarchy managed. Everyone was given an equal take chances to speak and put forward the ir ideas. During this stage no real work was done. In the next stage, the stage called storming the members were now more in the form of better ways and means of giving out their opinions. In this stage the members become more comfortable with each other and even start taking up different positions as the leaders or the followers. This stage had more acceptance than any of the other stages did. In the next stage (performing), the members became a lot more alert of their jobs and tried to stick to them more and more, they also tried to get more work done and as soon as possible too. In this stage the members had more conflicts and their resolution led to a better understanding between the members of the group. The makings of a goodness group-essay As the group was required to work on writing an essay, so they needed to identify what do an essay good and what took it beyond good. They learnt that essay marking is divided into five groups which are 1. Pre-structural 2. Uni-structural 3. Multi-structural 4. Relational 5. elongated abstract The best essay belongs to the category of either Relational or the Extended Abstracts. A college essay is expected of these levels. In these categories the essay shows the high level of understanding which is demonstrated by the number of and method acting of collection of data/ideas. This is very much obvious from the way the students write, express and explain themselves and their ideas about any number of situations and scenarios. They also show how much they grasped from the theme of the topic by cross-questioning. Both these categories are awarded Distinctions, and high-awards. dissimilar these categories the other essays belong to the first three categories which have essays which either dwindle ion the edge of the topic or are not even close to it. These essays show lack of understanding and comprehension and are usually covered up by mismatched points and stories. A reflective essay A reflective essay is one which de scribes ones communication experiences acquired during any group-work and helps one to put these experiences into practical use by matching them to the theories and concepts learnt in

Philosophy of Man Essay Example for Free

Philosophy of Man Essay

Feminism and Homosexuality in Theater Essay Example for Free

Feminism and Homosexuality in field of operation EssayFeminism in theater has a very close relationship with the depiction of homosexualism onstage. Playwrights and performance subterfugeists who advocate feminism have seen theater as a puissant alikel to set most(predicate) the public understand their watch overs. The work of artificeists such as Lillian Hellman, Holly Hughes, and Anna Deavere Smith shape the discussion of feminism and quirkiness in the theater. Lillian Hellman was a butterflywright whos known for commands that discussed the psychological and social manifestations of evil.Her work was revolutionary because she created absolute female characters at a time when men ruled American theater. On the keep down of queerness, Hellmans most relevant work was The Childrens instant (Champion and Nelson 156). While The Childrens Hour sends a powerful message on the topic of homosexuality, Hellman herself wasnt a homosexual and her work may have reflected he r bearing toward the subject. Hellman described the play to a reporter as not sincerely a play to the highest degree lesbianism, but a perch (Griffin and Thorsten 27). According to Hellman, the bigger the lie, the better it gets.The Childrens Hour, which opened on Broadway on November 20, 1934, calico a grim but clear depiction of Hellmans view. The Childrens Hour is about the lives of twain young women who opened a groom for girls. Eventually, their lives are gradually ruined when one of the students accuses them of lesbianism. The characters of Martha Dobie and Karen Wright were realistically rendered by Hellman, resulting in a Broadway hit that would have 691 performances. This was a milestone of an achievement since America at the time was very conservative and homosexuality was a tabu subject (Griffin and Thorsten 27).Homosexuality was so taboo a subject in the Western world that the play was banned in Chicago, Boston, and London. While the play earned critical success in France and New York, it wasnt awarded the Pulitzer Prize for drama in 1935 because the subject matter was still thought to be too sensitive at the time. Critics from New York however, protested the refusal of conservative bodies in the theater industry by forming the Drama Critics Circle. The organization has since and then presented its own awards for plays they thought were relevant to art and nine (Griffin and Thorsten 27).Hellmans guardedness toward the free of homosexuality is reflected on the plays morality, which though clearly polemic and shocking at the time, was nevertheless morally acceptable to the majority of audiences. unmatchable glaring example of this is the accompaniment that in the play, the accusation that Martha Dobie and Karen Wright were engaged in a lesbian relationship was simply a lie. An prototypical malicious teenager named Mary Tilford who studied in the school for girls fabricated the story. In fact, Karen was engaged to Dr.Joe Cardin, whom sh e really loved. Martha may have really been a lesbian in the story, but fearing for her sexuality, she committed suicide aft(prenominal) revealing her thoughts and feelings to Karen (Griffin and Thorsten 28). Despite her sensational plays often associated with left-wing politics and feminism, Hellman considered herself largely a moral writer. The getting even of homosexuality was primarily just a tool in the story to illustrate Hellmans view that good tribe sometimes bring about harm because of their unwillingness to challenge evil.Karen was clearly painted in the play as a heterosexual and Martha seemed to have paid for her crime (homosexuality) with her life. Aside from reaffirming the norms of American society at the time, the play alike apparently satisfied the morality of the conservative audience (Griffin and Thorsten 28). The Childrens Hour may have shied away from directly defending homosexuality, but it nevertheless showed the gradual opening of society to the broader roles of women. Martha and Karen were women who earned their own money, thus sending a message that they were independent and had some sort out of power to satisfy their desires.These female characters were different from another of Hellmans characters named Regina in The Little Foxes. While Regina depended on others money and the things she got from her manipulation of men, Martha and Karen had the education and administrative skills which led to the success of the all girls school they founded. Joe, Karens partner, also symbolized the growing number of egalitarian men at the time. He was very supportive of his partners wish to continue her career after their marriage and he also respected her dedication to the school she co-founded.He even defended Karen and Martha to his aunt after Marys mother convinced other parents to civilise their children out of the school because of the lesbianism charge (Griffin and Thorsten 28). In effect, art object the play was hesitant to probe t he reality of homosexuality much deeply, it did affirm in the audiences mind the expanding role and power of women in society. Hellman force have been too guarded about lesbianism, but performance artist Holly Hughes was definitely vocal about her views about homosexuality and homosexual relationships.Hughes was an openly homosexual performance artist and writer of various plays and books that amount on the topic of homosexuality. Her work has both been debated and celebrated by artists and intellectuals. The National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) refused to investment firm Hughes work in the summer of 1990 because of its sensitive subject matter, which resulted in a fierce debate and dissension in the world of performance art. One of Hughes most disputable pieces is a play entitled rise up of pepperiness. Lynda Hart, Assistant Professor of English at the University of Pennsylvania, wrote that the Well of Horniness is both transgressive and aggressive because it dismantles th e audiences preconceived notions about lesbian homosexuality. The play is loosely based on a classic clean about lesbian homosexuality written by Radclyffe Hall. Hughes play became very successful and eventually invigorate two sequels Part II Victim Victoria and Part III In the Realm of the senseless (Hart and Phelan 60-61). The play is mostly representational, with the plot repeatedly interrupted by mock commercials and commentaries (Hart and Phelan 60-61). The memorable characters of Well of Horniness include Georgette, Rod, and Vicki. Georgette is Rods sister and Vicki is Rods fiancee. Vicki and Georgette are members of a sorority called Tridelta Tribads. Georgette meets Rod and Vicki at a restaurant, and Georgette soon recognizes Vicki as someone she knows from her past sorority. Vicki instantly desires Georgette and stares at her longingly.While dining at the restaurant, Vicki drops her fork underneath the table. As she goes down to pick it up, shes drawn instead to Georgette s legs, which Hughes writes, were two succulent rainbows leading to the same pot of gold (Hart and Phelan 61-62). The aggressive affirmation of homosexual reality disguise in comedy is performed in the play as Vicki continues to give Georgette cunnilingus while Rod delivers a monologue on honeymoon getaways. In productions of the play at East Village, Manhattan, this scene is performed explicitly with Georgette in a comedic manner to Vicki underneath the table.Vicki then gets up and says shes feeling a little too hot and goes to the bathroom (Hart and Phelan 62). Rod tells Georgette that he senses something fishy but he cant ready his finger on it (Hart and Phelan 62). Georgette then replies, Im working on it. The comedic conversation happens in the background of a play that is filled with references to fish, eager beavers, muff-divers, and other terms associated with lesbianism (Hart and Phelan 62). In contrast to The Childrens Hour, Well of Horniness certainly drives home its message on homosexuality in a more direct, striking manner.Hughes play doesnt hide behind other issues or concerns such as the lie or evil in Hellmans play, and instead hits audiences with the reality of homosexuality right away. It is this controversial disposition of Hughes work that has made her notorious for conservative critics and even lesbians and other homosexuals who review her work. Hart though, thinks that Hughes play efficaciously challenges heterosexual hegemony. Its borderline messages and controversial nature opens up a hopeful new space of visibleness for feminism and its supporters (Hart and Phelan 62).The popular scene from Well of Horniness is even more notable because it shatters lesbian stereotypes. Lesbians at the time were thought of as homosexuals who generally assumed male identities. Vicki though, was already engaged to Rod and even so still desired other women. Vickis performance of oral sex for Georgette in close law of proximity to her fiance destr oys any notions the audiences might have regarding lesbianism and the sexuality of women. Since the play is representational, Rods character in general stands for heterosexual hegemony, which explains why the character is named Rod to refer to male phallic symbol.Hughes shows that homosexual realities are chance throughout society despite the blind functioning of heterosexual institutions, such as marriage, as the play points out. Unlike Hellman, Hughes seems more concerned with homosexuality than feminism, although the sanction of women might also be addressed by her aggressive plays. Through the clear depiction of women as freely desiring beings, Hughes is able to free women from societal stereotypes. Women isnt a year of human beings who can only desire men.Instead, its a fuzzy category that mostly refers to female human beings who may desire any sex and express that desire in different ways. Overarching Hellman and Hughes work may be the amazing work of Anna Deavere Smith, p erformance artist, playwright, writer, and professor. Smith has received numerous awards and is widely known for her performances which have her assuming the identities of more than twenty people. Smith employs few props, such as chairs and tables to differentiate identities in her performances. All the identities she plays are real people who are interviewed beforehand about a social issue.The result of her lengthy monologues is a stunning commentary on the differences that fracture a community. One of Smiths most popular acts is called On the Road, which she has been performing since 1982. In one of her performances, Smith interviewed 25 men and women from Princeton University on subjects such as the universitys eating clubs which are exclusive to men, assault against women, and the designate of black students among others. The fifty-minute dialogue that results from this research entertains and delights audiences at the same time.Smith usually invites her subjects to attend he r performances and their reaction is usually positive. Many of them even laugh out loud when they recognize their own selves in the numerous identities performed. close to of them though, get unsettled when they see their views juxtaposed with others from the community (Hart and Phelan 35). This unsettling of the self may be one of the important goals of Smith in structuring her acts through such a unique manner. According to Smith, her goal is to find American character in the ways that people speak (Cohen-Cruz 148). She said that the spirit, imagination, and the challenges of the time can then be captured by inhabiting the words of the people in the community. Unlike other actors who try to project realistic characters on the stage, Smiths emphasis is more on the filtering of the self through a single actor. She doesnt assume that she has all the experiences of her subjects, but that she can learn many things from these experiences (Cohen-Cruz 148). Feminism has been one of the subjects of Smiths performances for a very long time.In one Princeton performance entitled Gender Bending, Smith reminisced how women from septet Sisters colleges had been imported to Princeton throughout history to provide weekend entertainment for members of fraternities. Feminist definitions of the body, the AIDS crisis, and modern literary representations of homosexuality are also discussed in the show. Smith tackled all these issues by impersonating the subjects she interviewed and playing them onstage (Hart and Phelan 37). In a way, Smiths work is closer to reality than both Hellman and Hughes work because it merely projects the phonate of real people onstage.What makes Smiths performance more striking though than a unsubdivided video recording of interviews is that only one face speaks for all of the subjects. Through this technique, Smith is able to dep allowe the adjacent symbols of color, gender, and other characteristics of her subjects. Without the physical character istics that differentiate one subject from another, audiences are forced to consider all(prenominal) subjects view as a part of a unity that is the community. Stereotypes are then magnified as audiences realize that differences are oftentimes imaginary and unjust.Instead of masking the call for the empowerment of women through discussions about evil such as what Hellman did, or aggressively attacking the audience with controversial representations of lesbians such as what Hughes demonstrated, Smith is able to give voice to real women by simply lay their views side by side with others from the community. Smith puts real context in her performances, which makes the issue more immediate to viewers. Her acts send the message that gender discrimination is really happening right now and many people are unconsciously participating in it.They call for an immediate response to pressing social issues while entertaining audiences at the same time. For ordinary citizens, norms in society are always difficult to challenge, let alone break. Revolutionary works by Hellman, Hughes, and Smith are very valuable in that they overhaul people to cross the bridge, so they can see the other side. While some audiences may loathe the oftentimes crude and vulgar images in their work, their act of watching alone is enough to gradually gimmick the norms of society. Norms always have to be challenged so that societys morality and humanity doesnt go on oppressively stagnant.Once taboo subjects are discussed, they cease to haunt the people concerned and become an issue for everyone. As modernity pushes people to think more about the effects of gender on society and the self, feminism and homosexuality will continue to be relevant topics in theater and other forms of art in the future. Hellman, Hughes, and Smiths work will also continue to shape the discussions on these topics. These lead brilliant writers represent different sides of the spectrum and their work should be read by anyon e interested in exploring the relationship between feminism, homosexuality and theater arts.Works Cited Champion, Laurie and Emmanuel Sampath Nelson. American Women Writers, 1900-1945 a Bio-bibliographical Critical Sourcebook. Westport Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000. Cohen-Cruz, Jan. Local Acts Community-based carrying into action in the United States. New Brunswick Rutgers University Press, 2005. Griffin, Alice and Geraldine Thorsten. Understanding Lillian Herman. Columbia University of South Carolina Press, 1999. Hart, Lynda and Peggy Phelan. Acting Out Feminist Performances. Ann spike University of Michigan Press, 1999.

Discrimination education Essay Example for Free

Discrimination training Essay?Early years providers regardless of type, size or funding must agree with the licit requirements batch extinct at heart the Early Years Foundation Stage ( EYFS) so as to date the pauperisms of totally children within the climb (DCSF 2008a, p11). The objective of this report is to critically evaluate the Special educational Needs Policy apply in a backing which support anti discriminatory answer and promote inclusion (appendix 2). Within the context of a faith based early years setting in Dewsbury.The Warnock Report (Special Educational Needs1978) introduced the concept of inclusion in the form of integration with regard to children with finical educational needs, suggesting that mainstream settings would be preferable to Special Schools. Gates and Edwards (2007) outline, prior to this report, the terms Handicapped or educationally subnormal were acceptable terms, based on an app atomic number 18nt culture of a health check model, wher e the alter person is the problem, governed by their baulk.An example might be a child labelled with Down s syndrome as their identifying features, instead of their name (Courtman 2010). As legislation has continued to develop, so have attitudes towards hindrance. The Disability Discrimination venture 2005, set out duties for employers and many public services. Further changes arose from the Educational Needs and Disability flirt 2001. It became sinful to discriminate against disable children, and by 2004, reasonable adjustments were expected to improve access within the physical environment, for alter people. The introduction of the Children Act 2004 saw the introduction of the Every Child Matters (ECM) (DCFS 2008d). In addition the publication Removing Barriers to work (DCSF 2004) rein squeeze the ECM commitment relating to early intervention and support. The setting The Pre-School was registered in 2002 and is managed by a military volunteer management committee, inco rporating an Islamic Ethos. The setting provides sessional c ar for the local community and surrounding areas.The children who attend the setting are predominantly Muslim and there are no children with special educational needs (SEN). Promoting equality of hazard for all is limited within the setting this is receivable to the management and practitioners negative attitudes towards children with additional needs. Causey et al (2000 p. 33-45) believes influencing factors that understructure affect the way practitioners view diversity and difference is prior knowledge and beliefs about others.Shah (1995) identifies stereotypical views practitioners may have is that children with SEN should be cared for by the family and outside support would mean that they are failing in their duty. These beliefs and views buns create barriers to inclusion, a recent research conducted by Contact a Family identified 70% of families with incapacitate children said that understanding and acceptance of disability from their community or nightspot is poor or dissatisfactory. (Disability Action 2010, online) The social stigma of having a child with a disability still exists.It has been argued that some Asian and black communities perceive disability as a curse and therefore go out non lease the child to be assessed (Ali et al 2006). In addition communication and collaboration may be touch by cultural issues. Salim (2005) explains it is unacceptable for strict Muslim women to be in the presence of a male without her husband. This could present difficulties in setting up home- school communication and a flexible approach would need to be taken (Roffey, 2001). furthermore the EYSTEN study (Sammons et al, 2003) identified ethnic minority groups and boys showed a greater encounter of developing SEN. Moreover (Warnock 2005, p. 11) Identified a clear link amid social class, deprivation and SEN, in his study Emerson (2010, online) concluded a lower socioeconomic position was li nked to an increased rate of intelligent difficulties. Language, social stigma and the lack of education can create barriers for parents to access the support required, this intern leads to obstinate affects for the child and family, leading to a cycle of disadvantage and disparity.Policy Evaluation In order for settings to comply with legislation and meet specific requirements in accordance with the EYFS, settings are required to produce and implement impelling policies which encompass equality of opportunity and for supporting children with learning difficulties and disabilities (DCSF 2008a) in addition if settings are in pass along of Nursery Education Funding they must have regard to the Special Educational Needs (SEN) economy of come 2001 (DCSF 2008a, p. 25).The setting in this report does not have a specific inclusion form _or_ system of government however the setting does encompass a Special Needs Policy. On examination of the indemnity major discrepancies were ident ified. It was recognised the policy (appendices 1-3) appeared to be less then successful, owing to the lack of information, compliance with legislation, and being ineffectually create verbally, leading to misunderstanding of statements (Hughes and Ferrret 2009, p. 32). Capmbell (1997) supports this view reiterating poorly written policies are often broad general and ambiguous.Furthermore the policy was written in 2002, hence established before the EYFS, this has had a negative influence on the content of the policy. The EYFS used as a resource sets out the required legislation, regulation and guidelines which should be interconnected within the settings policies (DCSF 2008b). It is the duty of all practitioners to promote equality and remove discrimination (Daley et al 2009) explains unfair preaching and not allowing equal chances and access to services could amount to unlawful discrimination.The Disability Discrimination Act 1995 and 2005 (DDA) (online) sets out two main duties Not to treat disabled children less favourably To make reasonable adjustments for disabled children Additionally Section 2 of the Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001 (SENDA) (online) prohibits educational settings from groovy against children with additional needs from their admissions arrangements. The settings SEN policy (appendix 1 statement 4.7) makes a direct contradiction to the DDA and SENDA by only allowing children with a disability admission if the setting can accommodate the child, rather than the setting making reasonable adjustment in order to include the child, furthermore the child who has a disability is being treated unfairly, as the child would only be admitted after extensive consultations (appendix 1 4. 1). This is a very dated attitude in terms of legislation and shows a direct influence towards the medical model of disability.The medical model focuses on the disability, expecting the child to make adjustments or adapt to circumstances it prese nts the disabled person as a problem (Carson 2009, online). Additionally this stance is a direct negation to the proposals made by the Warnock Report (1978), later embodied in the 1981 Education Act (online), which recognised that educating children with additional needs order from their peers was denying them their rights to equal access.Dryden et al (2007, p.186) elucidates, by focussing on the childs abilities, and the provision of modifications and support will enable inclusion and participation. This view is known as the social model whereby the emphasis is on how society can change to allow equal opportunities for children with disabilities opposed to the person trying to fit in to society. Shakespeare and Watson (2002, p. 3) contain the social model has now become the ideological test of disability to differentiate between organisations, policies, laws and ideas which are progressive, and those which are inadequate.Drifte (2008, p. 4) emphasises the importance of practition ers to review policies to ensure that they are based on the social model of inclusion. and more recently Hodkinson and Vickerman (2009) explicate the social model has become subject to critique from parents and practitioners. The view that all children with additional needs should be integrated into mainstream settings, by way of adjustments made to the setting, may hinder the childrens development.Griffin (2008) explains integration for some children with additional needs is unrealistic as they may not be able to cope with the demands of mainstream settings. Additionally Warnock (2005) changed her opinion criticising the governments policy on inclusion warning, the closure of special schools has forced children into mainstream school when it is not in their best interest, causing distress for pupils and parents.The Nursery Education and Grant maintained Schools Act 1996 (cited in Roffey 2001,p.14) and the EYFS statutory steerage (DCSF 2008a) specifies all early years providers m ust have due regard to the code of practice for SEN.The SEN Code of Practice (DfES 2001) brings together elements from the Children Act 1989, Disability Discrimination Act 1995 and Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001 by providing guidance and placing responsibilities on settings. The SEN Code of Practice provides a consistent approach to meeting childrens special educational needs and gives practical guidance to early education settings on identifying and assessing children with SEN (DCSF 2009).The SEN policy does not cite the SEN Code of Practice, a direct cave in of the aforementioned act it however identifies the need to comply with the LEA code of practice and overlooks the accounting of what this code is, and how it would be implemented. Furthermore the policy has no explanation on the assessment process, such as the Graduated response, Early Years Action, Early Years Action Plus, Statutory Assessment and the Statementing Process (DfES 2001).Although mention i s made to observing and keeping records for children with additional needs, there is no clarification of their purpose. In addition the policy fails to explain what is meant by SEN this can cause confusion as some parents or practitioners may believe children with English as a second language may be classed as a child with SEN, however children should not be regarded as having additional needs solely because their inheritance language is different from what they are taught in (DfES 2001, p.6). what is sen Although the policy states a SEN coordinator will be appointed it does not identify who this is and what the SEN coordinators role is. The policy recognises the need for additional funds to accommodate children with SEN through outer funding although there is no clarification of procedures if these funds were not acquired. Even though guidelines are not in the policy, it is likely that practitioners are aware of the SEN Code of Practice 2001 and implement this within the setting.T raining is suggested within the policy but does not work effectively in practice, due to staff ratios, time constraints and pecuniary implications. In addition no staff members have attended training specific to SEN. Conclusion Policies are working documents, which develop and move alongside the childcare settings own professional development and are a reflection of that childcare provision.The policies used within the setting not only disregard legislation but are also contradictory and confusing for practitioners to use as a working document. The policy has been written and produced by the management committee with no input from practitioners or parents. In addition some of the statements struggle with practitioners own views on anti discriminatory and inclusive practice this has developed a divergence between the committees attitude and the practitioners values and beliefs.Therefore the practitioners have not used the policies set out to define their practice with children but c hallenged the anti discriminatory practice by applying the guidelines set out within the EYFS. Woods and Thomas (2003) recognise their is a greater ability for practitioners to re-evaluate and challenge anti discriminatory practice at a cultural level however the changing of others attitudes can be difficult but not impossible.Article 23 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) (UNICEF 2007, online) recognise the disability of a child should not reduce the childs right to education and children with any openhearted of disability has the right to special care and support. Equality of opportunity means that each individual in society experiences opportunities to achieve and flourish which are as good as the opportunities experienced by others (Griffin 2008, p. 12).

Ernest Hemingway Essay Example for Free

Ernest Hemingway EssayErnest Hemingway probably summed it up better when he said, All modern the Statesn literature comes from one book by Mark mates called huckleberry Finn (source). Were dealing with quite a book here. Published in 1885, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, yokes go across to the Adventures of Tom Sawyer, carved new territory into the Ameri quarter literary landscape in several ways.As one of the first raws to use a specific regions vernacular in its narration, the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn stipulate a precedent for many other distinctly American works to follow. Some readers didnt on the dot get this new colloquial style, however. Accustomed to the proper prose of Hawthorne, Thoreau, and Emerson, some readers didnt know what to do with Hucks particular way of storytelling.Aside from the novels new style of writing, Twains decision to use thirteen-year-old Huck as the narrator allowed him to include certain content that a to a greater extent civilized n arrator probably would have left out. At first, Twains novel was labelled crass by some readers. The book was even banned in schools for its use of the n-word which is humourous, given that the novel is up in arms over slavery. Even today, the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn makes Banned Books lists.Twains novel jumped dubiousness first into one of the biggest issues of its day racism. Although the Emancipation Proclamation had been signed over two decades before Huckleberry Finns original publication date, African-Americans everywhere were still victims of oppression and racism. They were technically free, but often by take in only in Reconstruction-era America. Many southerners were bitter about the outcome of the Civil War.By guiding his characters through and through several states of the Confederacy, Twain was able to reveal the hypocrisy of many pre-war southern communities. As a southerner himself, Twain had first-hand experiences to draw on, and he was able to walk the fi ne line between realistic depiction and ironic farce. Not to mention, Twain created the now-iconic character of Jim, a runaway slave who convinces Huck that African-Americans are deserving of freedom, and that equivalence is a goal for which we all should be fighting.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is now considered to be one of the Great American Novels, mostly due to how it so heartily champions the American ideals of freedom, independence, and rugged individualism. Hucks dedication to his own lesson standards and his bold sense of adventure and self-sufficiency have earned him a place in the All-American third house of Fame. In addition, Twain is a hilarious storyteller, and the plot of this novel is a roller-coaster ride of moral dilemmas so trust us when we say that if you havent taken the ride yet, you probably should.Why Should I Care?Mark Twain wrote Adventures of Huckleberry Finn twenty years after the American Civil War. Slavery had been abolished, and the northeas tern and South were making up (albeit with some residual anger). So why publish a highly moralistic tale about a system that was no longer in place? Werent hotfoot issues a moot point once slavery was out of the picture?Hardly. Freedom didnt entail equality by any means not legally, socially, or practically. (See Shmoop Historys Jim Crow in America for more.) Actually, come to think of it, this isnt an outdated notion at all. Rules and laws often dont accurately reflect whats really going on. From a legal standpoint today, we have equality of race yet racism is still a problem. Men and women are equal, yet many still imbibe a glass ceiling for women in the workplace, meaning they often have invisible boundaries to advancement.That doesnt mean laws are useless.Laws may not immediately effect change, but weve seen that they do precede change. While laws can affect how people act, it takes more to change the way we think. We cant rely on laws alone. Thats where The Adventures of Hu ckleberry Finn comes back into the picture. We need people like Mark Twain to remind us not to be self-congratulatory for starting a process in motion, but instead to realize that greater change is forever necessary.

The Liberal reforms of 1906-1914 Essay Example for Free

The destitute reforms of 1906-1914 EssayTo what end could the handsome reforms of 1906-1914 be described as a mathematical group endeavour to alleviate pauperisation?This essay exit explore the tolerant reforms introduced between 1906-1914 and assess the political sympathiess efficacy in tackling poverty. In the previous(predicate) 20th vitamin C poverty was becoming an increasingly main(prenominal) issue and for a variety of reasons. Poverty had risen up the political eranda non least be subject of the advent of the promote Party and their programme for social reform. At one end of the spectrum it is argued that the escaped Government were crusaders for social reform, fighting oppression and poverty to emancipate the works classes. At the other end, the Liberals were exitn as a Government with no plan or coherent system to deal with these issues and were non heretofore united with command being introduced piece meal as a response to individual crisis.At the turn of the century large numbers of men, women and children had to endure deplorable documentation and workings conditions. The estimated unemployment rate for 15 to 64 year olds in 1902 was 69%1, although the unemployment rate as mensurable by those claiming unemployment related benefit was as low as 5%. How ever this raises forelands about the verity of measuring and reporting conditions and begins to signify the potential numbers living(a) on the poverty line.In 1900 art union membership represented only 11% of those in employment and the impact of the Taff Vale2 judgement meant even the Trade Unions were caterless to rectify the poor working conditions. Further, the school leaving age in 1900 was 12 and according to the 1901 census 10% (140,000) 10 14 year old boys were already working. The benefits remunerative by the country were in any event below subsistence level and these issues were compounded by poor housing and over crowding, poor diet and health. Togethe r with lack of health c ar meant large numbers were living in extreme poverty. These conditions had prevailed throughout the 19 Century and there had been no concerted effort to play the issue.However, in the eight years before the First World War, the Liberal Government counterbalance on a lower floor Henry Campbell-Bannerman and then Herbert Asquith embarked upon a sweeping programme of social and stinting reform. New Liberalism advocated social reform, financed by higher taxation on the wealthy. Surveys concerning the poor by individuals much(prenominal) as Charles stall and Seebohm R havetree in York3 had revealed the issue of poverty and brought the problem to public attention.This could explain the burst of activity by the Liberal Government. In their studies they exalted between families suffering from primary and secondary poverty. Such studies provided a wealth of statistical data on wages, hours of work, nutritional needs, food consumed, health and housing. Booth and Rowntree published a book4 illustrating the failings of the capitalist system and argued that new measures were involve to over hail the problems of unemployment, old age and ill health. Their findings highlight the reasons for Liberal reforms being do.Historians such as S. beating-reed instrument Brett and Murray believe that the Liberal reforms of 1906 onwarfareds were significant. They claim that by moving towards the State intervening in concourses lives and changing statuss they laid the foundations of the benefit secern today. One lot is that Lloyd Georges reforms were the first real step to changing societys lieu to financial aiding the vulnerable and poor. They convinced plurality that the political sciences role should be to help the poor and needy. This made it possible for later governments to bring in welfare reforms such as the subject Health Service (in 1948). Murray illustrates this view in his work The social reforms of the pre-war Liberal government had no opportunity to throw a major dent in the extent of poverty before the Great War, but there is some prove to suggest that they began to make a difference in the long term. (Murray, 1999)The Liberal reforms can also be considered in real different terms. Some contempories believed that the Liberals were only interested in Britains efficiency as a country. It can be argued that the Liberal government brought in their welfare reforms because they were afraid that a noisome and disadvantageously educated workforce would leave Britain lagging behind other countries like Ger galore(postnominal). If Britain was to compete and maintain its authority as a world power, then it had to be run efficiently. This theory supported the belief that healthy, intentional workforce was essential. (Murphy, 2000)Commentators are also of the view that political pressures from the left induced fear in the Liberal Administration, which ultimately forced or encouraged the government to embark on social reform. These conflicting interpretations bequeath be reviewed in more detail when considering the means outiveness of the reformsThe extreme poverty identified in the look conducted by Booth and Rowntree and the poor health levels of those conscripted for the Boer War5, proved to be a catalyst for the actions taken to improve health, education and the general welfare of the public. It is clear that many historians and commentators have conflicting views concerning the Liberal Administration and question the motives for reform.However, there is no doubt that the Liberals introduced a series of important measures. The social reforms to benefit the lowest classes were centred on three areas, children, elderly and poverty publicationing from unemployment and sickness. The Liberal Administration was aware of how controversial such reforms were and started with attempts to improve conditions for working class children. Such children were the most vulnerable section of societ y, but also could not be held to hellish for their predicament. Even so there was still opposition as some believed that parents were responsible for children and that government interposition would only undermine individual freedom and responsibility. Despite such beliefs there was a common consensus that the poverty experienced by the poorest working class children was a national disgrace and a range of measures were introduced.In 1906 the government introduced the Education (School Meals) hazard, which conducted from the work of the Labour MP William Beverage. This gave local councils the power to provide free school meals for the poorest families. In many ways this was a great success. On the other hand, the Act allowed local governance to provide meals, but it did not make it a mandatory requirement.In 1907 the Liberals, established compulsory medical examination inspections. This was owed to civil servant Sir Robert Morant. The checks were free, but in some areas they we re carried out more thoroughly than others. Further, despite the doorway of the inspections, they were not a solution for all as the preaching was not free. Therefore the success of such inspections is questionable.This is illustrated by Murray Both measures gradually had a major impact despite their opponents. Although the 1906 Act was at first permissive (Local Education Authorities were not compelled to supply school meals), by 1914 over 14 one million million meals per annum were being provide for 158,000 children. In a similar way, the 1907 Act did not compel local authorities to set up clinics, but by 1914 most were proving some medical treatment for children. (Murray, 1999)Later, in 1908 the government introduced the Children and Young Persons Act, due to the influence of pressure groups such as the NSPCC6. Children became protected persons, which meant that parents who ill-treated or ignored their children could now be prosecuted. The Act banned the sale of alcohol and t obacco to children and prohibited them from working in dangerous trades like scrap metal. Also, children who broke the law were now dealt with in specialist juvenile courts and prisons. These were understandably important measures to improve the welfare of children and help tackle child poverty. It can be said that these reforms were the Liberals lead gainment during their first tenure in office.The Liberals were fully aware that for many wad the main cause of poverty was old age. In response to this they introduced Old Age Pensions in 1908. It was highly controversial because of the evaluate cost. It was also debatable because some people thought that old people were in poverty because they had bony their money throughout their lives.Overall, Old Age Pensions were in truth well received and had support from most of the public. To qualify, people had to be over the age of 70. They also had to earn less than 31 per year and have lived in Britain for 20 years. The number of old p eople who depended on charity or the Poor Law dropped dramatically as a result of this reform. Pugh clarifies this The scheme was implemented in ways calculated to reassure the beneficiaries, that it promoted the independency of the elderly, that it reached more people than is usually thought, and that it helped to modify popular attitudes towards the state. (Martin Pugh 2000) However, the pension act was still a very controversial measure mainly due to the sectors of society excluded by the Act and the retention of the concept be and undeserving individuals.With regard to the unemployed Booth and Rowntrees investigations revealed that inadequate wages were another major cause of poverty and minimum wage legislation was identified as a foot step. The Liberals felt they had no excerpt other than to address the problem and as a result passed the 1909 Trade Boards Act and the 1912 Mines Act. Although they were limited in sphere and effect, the measures marked a shift away from the 19th century laissez faire attitude that the government should not intervene in the setting of wages.Some of the most far-reaching reforms introduced by the Liberals concerned working people. Throughout the early 1900s there were a range of different measures undertaken by local authorities to help the sick and unemployed. The government supported many. However, by 1911 the Liberals were convinced that some kind of government-controlled national system was needed.As a result they created interior(a) Insurance in 1911. The National Insurance Act was in two sparks. The 1st part dealt with unemployment, the second with health. Workers earning under 160 per year had to join the scheme. They paid 4d per week from their own wages into an policy scheme. The employer added a further 2d and the government added 3d on top of that. In return for their contributions workers got sick pay of 10 shillings a week for 6 months and unemployment pay of 7 shillings a week for up to 15 weeks.As with t he other Liberal measures, when the scheme was introduced there was a lot of opposition suggesting its radical nature. Many workers resented the money being taken from their wages and many employers resented the amount of money it cost them. This was a regressive measure. The policy could have been more radical and progressive by linking the sums payable in National Insurance to wages as opposed to one amount for all workers. However, this was arguably the most important of all welfare reforms. By 1913, 13 million workers were insured in the scheme and a very important safety net had been established. It marked a break with the past in establishing the principle that providing help for the unemployed was a national not a local responsibility. It was clear that the principle of individual emancipation was now being challenged by a stronger emphasis on collective welfare rights. (www.NationalArchives.gov.uk)Pearce and Stewart highlight this Although the Liberal government failed to m ake a popular impact at the time, a number of measures had particular signification because they showed that the government were prepared to intervene far more than had been the case in the past. This exemplifies a radical attempt to improve poverty The effect of these social reforms meant a significant increase in government intervention. The state had now assumed an unprecedented degree of responsibility for individuals in the lower class of society. (Mike Byrne, 2005)The main criticisms of the Liberals reforms were the attitude towards welfare was generally too cautious. It can be argued that the Liberals reforms were little more than a response to economic and political mountain. There were large elements of compromise and Victorian moral attitudes were still featuring in the reforms. Whilst it is accepted that, as a whole, the welfare package introduced by the Liberals helped to some extent alleviate poverty, it is also clear that many people continued to slip through the net and that the Liberals measures were very limited in scope and were unfastened of further extensions.For example the 1909 pensions excluded old people under the age of 70 and did not cover criminals, people continually failing to find work and drunkards. Workers outside the industries covered in the Labour Exchange Act and Miners Minimum Wage Act did not qualify to receive a minimum wage. Only c.13 million out of a total population of c.45 million were included in the National Insurance Scheme.The National Insurance 1911 act pension coverage was not universal and was aimed mainly at lower paid and manual workers. It did not provide support for dependants. (www.National Statistics.gov.uk) Further more Free medical care was unattached to only a wage earner, not the wife or children. To tackle poverty more effectively the reforms could have been universal without deliberately excluding thousands of people. This is expounded by Watts Changes were often modest in scope and there was a number of areas which remained unreformed. (Watts, 1995)Most of the Liberal reforms depended upon local government and local services to deliver them. While this had the effect of removing the stigma of the Poor Law, it also depended upon the priorities of the local authorities. The provision of school medical services, for example, was made possible by central government but its implementation was patchy as it relied on local authorities, many having differing priorities. In effect this meant there was no coherent strategy or mechanism to implement the much-needed reform, which accordingly failed to achieve the desired outcome.The range of reforms introduced by the Liberals was impressive, but it was not the result of a preconceived programme. Historians often see the reforms as individual solutions to particular social problems, not as a wider radical movement. If they were to have come to power, with a formal programme for poverty relief the reforms may have been more radical a nd stirred a wider section of society.The Government as a whole did not seem to be very committed to welfare reforms, apart from Lloyd George and Churchill. It is argued that the reforms were Lloyd George and Churchills response to what they saw as the challenge from the left. By stealing Labours thunder, they hoped to start out more working class votes. Watts illustrates this Lloyd George and Churchill revealed a certain skill in adapting Liberalism to the challenge of the condition of the people question. In so doing, they retained some middle-class support and made a bid for the fealty of the working classes. (Watts, 1995) By ensuring that reforms were as moderate as possible, they hoped to retain middle-class support. In other words, if the reforms are seen in terms of party political advantage, far from being radical, the reforms can be described as a conservative response to the radical threat from the left.When comparing the Liberal actions in light of later developments t he reforms were not wholly radical and a great deal of key legislation was left undone. The legislation was hardly revolutionary. The state pension was free but not universal. Only around half a million of the oldest, poorest, and most sober elderly people obtained a pension, which was less than a bare subsistence income. (Tanner, 1900)When the Liberals came to power they had no preconceived strategic plan to tackle poverty and indeed right up to the eve of the 1906 General Election Campbell-Bannerman strove to avoid committing the Party to any measures to deal with unemployment, or even old age pensions. (Hay 1975) Policies to tackle social problems once they came to power were introduced piece meal, in response to economic and political circumstances rather than a coherent reform package. The reforms were very limited, confused and didnt always favour the poor. Thus, they fell ill-judged of a full-scale attack on poverty. Clarke comments on the Education and Licensing Bills, whic h had to be scrapped as a result of opposition in the House of Lords. Pearce and Stuart went further stating many national disaster areas remained untouched the problem of pass housing for example was not tackled. (Pearce and Stewart, 1992)However, many of the Liberal reforms introduced provided the foundations for a Welfare State and paved the way for subsequent social reform. There was a fundamental shift in social attitudes to poverty and welfare as they convinced people that governments should help the poor and needy. This was a significant achievement for the Liberal Administration, which should not be underestimated. The policies introduced were also successful in helping to alleviate poverty. The measures to introduce medical inspections and school meals argues Murray made a significant impact by 1914 over 14 million meals per annum were being provided for 158,000 children the 1907 Act did not compel Local Authorities to set up clinics but by 1914 most were providing medic al treatment for children. Murray concludes the social reforms of the pre-war Liberal government had no opportunity to make a major dent in the extreme poverty before the Great War, but there is some evidence to suggest they began to make a difference in the longer term. (Murray, 1999)In conclusion, the nature and success of the Liberal reforms has been the subject of penetrating historical debate and almost unparalleled scrutiny, resulting in many conflicting views. It cannot be denied there was scope for more radical reform. However, when taking in to account the contemporary, social values and norms, political climate, and the argument of the state versus individual responsibility this was a bold attempt by the Liberal Administration to introduce radical reform. Such reforms helped to alleviate poverty and paved the way for future reforms, even though the Governments motivation may at times have been based upon expediency and was not always entirely principled or purist.1 This a nd the following statistics were taken from the Natioanl statistics website.2 The Taff Vale judgement prevented Unions from picketing and any union could be apt(p) to pay unlimited damages for losses caused by a strike.3 Charles Booth and Seebohm Rowntree, undertook major investigations into the extent and causes of poverty in British cities. They discovered that up to 30% of the population of the cities were living in or below poverty levels and the conditions were such that people could not pull themselves out of poverty by their own actions alone. Booth and Rowntree both identified the main causes of poverty as being illness, unemployment and old age.4 Charles Booth published, Life and Labour of People in London in 1889 and Seeboh Rowntree published, Poverty A study of townsfolk Life in 1901.5 The Boer War was an attempt by the British to re-impose its control over southerly Africa, and when Britain put pressure on the Boers they had little option other than to fight. The Briti sh public expected the war to be over in a few weeks as the Boers were inexperienced and badly equipped. However the batter of 50,000 Boers took 450,00 British troops and before the end, it cost 22,000 lives and well over 200,000,000 of money.6 The National Society for the ginmill of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC).BibliographyFrom George III to George VI A brief history of Britain from 1760 to 1952 (S. Reed Brett)An illustrated history of modern Britain 1783 1964 (Denis Richards and J.W. Hunt)The origins of the Liberal Welfare reforms 1906-1914 (J.R Hay)Heinemann Advanced History Poverty and Public Health 1815-1948 (Rosemary Rees)Access to History Britain 1895-1918 (Mike Byrne)Life and Labour of People in London (Charles Booth 1889)Poverty A study of town life (Seebohm Rowntree 1901)www.LearningCurve.gov.ukwww.nationalachieves.gov.ukhttp//www.nedrichards.com/docs/libsocref.pdfwww.lednum.wordpress.com/2006/09/07/the-liberal-reforms-of-1906-1914/www.liberalhistory.org.ukwww.en.wikip edia.orgwww.spartacus.schoolnet.co.ukwww.politics.co.ukwww.statistics.gov.uk

Meaning of life Human Essay Example for Free

Meaning of flavour Human Essay Y surfaceh is non a clipping of support it is a state of thought it is non a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees it is a matter of the will, a post of the imagination, a vigor of the senses it is the freshness of the deep springs of sprightliness. Youth means a tempera handstal predominance of resolution over timidity, of the appetite for adventure over the cacoethes of ease. This actually much exists in a man of 60 much than a son of 20. Nobody captures old merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting our i acquits. Years whitethorn wrinkle the skin, bargonly to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, diffidence bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust. Whether 60 or 16, thither is in every human existences heart the lure of wonders, the un spoiling appetite for whats coterminous and the joy of the game of living. In the center of your heart and my heart, there is a wireless station so foresighted as it receives messages of beauty, hope, braveness and provide from man and from the infinite, so long as you atomic number 18 young. When your aerials atomic number 18 down, and your spirit is covered with s at presents of cynicism and the methamphetamine of pessimism, then youve grown old, as yet at 20 just now as long as your aerials ar up, to catch waves of optimism, theres hope you may die young at 80. Three geezerhood to See(Excerpts) ( ) Three Days to See All of us attain read thrilling stories in which the sensation had only a limited and specified time to live. whatsoevermultiplication it was as long as a year, roughtimes as short as 24 hours. provided endlessly we were inte fill-in perioded in discovering retri unlessory how the doomed ace chose to spend his last twenty-four hourss or his last hours.I speak, of course, of free custody who commit a choice, not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is strictly delimited . such stories set us forecasting, wondering what we should do under similar passel. What events, what experiences, what associations should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings, what regrets? Sometimes I retain thought it would be an clarified rule to live severally day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life.We should live each day with gentleness, vigor and a edge of appreciation which ar often lost when time stretches before us in the constant senti ment of more(prenominal) days and months and years to come. at that place are those, of course, who would tackle the Epicurean motto of Eat, drink, and be springy. But most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death. In stories the doomed hero is ordinarily saved at the last slight by some injection of fortune, but nearly forever his sense of values is changed. He becomes more appreciative of the meaning of life and its permanent religious values.It has often been noted that those who live, or befuddle lived, in the shadow of death bring a gamy sweetness to everything they do. Most of us, however, take life for granted. We know that single day we must die, but usu bothy we picture that day as far in the future. When we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginable. We seldom recall of it. The days stretch out in an endless facial expression. So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life. The same lethargy, I am afraid, characterizes the drill of all our faculties and senses.Only the deaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize the manifold blessings that lie in sight. Particularly does this observation apply to those who pick up lost sight and hearing in big(a) life. But those who learn neer suffered im equalisement of sight or hearing seldom oblige the fullest use of these deuced faculties. Their eyes and ears take in all sights and sounds hazily , without concentration and with niggling appreciation. It is the same old story of not being g postful for what we cede until we lose it, of not being conscious of health until we are ill. I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were impaired blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life. Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight silence would teach him the joys of sound. Companionship of Books ( ) Companionship of Books A man may usually be known by the arrests he reads as well as by the company he keeps for there is a companionship of books as well as of men and genius should always live in the topper company, whether it be of books or of men. A good book may be among the best of friends.It is the same today that it always was, and it will never change. It is the most forbearing and cheerful of companions. It does not turn its back upon us in times of adversity or di filtrate. It always receives us with the s ame kindness amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting and consoling us in age. custody often discover their affinity to each other by the mutual love they have for a book just as two persons sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both entertain for a third. There is an old proverb, hit the hay me, love my dog. But there is more wisdom in this Love me, love my book. The book is a truer and higher bond of union. Men give the sack think, feel, and interpret with each other through their favorite author. They live in him together, and he in them. A good book is often the best urn of a life enshrining the best that life could think out for the foundation of a mans life is, for the most part, but the world of his thoughts. frankincense the best books are treasuries of good words, the golden thoughts, which, remembered and cherished, become our constant companions and comforters. Books possess an essence of immortality. They are by far the most lasting pr oducts of human effort. Temples and statues decay, but books bear. Time is of no account with groovy thoughts, which are as fresh today as when they graduation passed through their authors judgings, ages ago. What was then give tongue to and thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page. The only effect of time have been to sift out the bad products for nothing in literature set up long survive e but what is really good. Books introduce us into the best society they bring us into the mien of the greatest minds that have ever lived. We hear what they said and did we compute the as if they were really alive we sympathize with them, enjoy with them, grieve with them their experience becomes ours, and we feel as if we were in a measure actors with them in the scenes which they describe. The great and good do not die, even in this world. Embalmed in books, their spirits walk abroad. The book is a living voice.It is an intellect to which on still listens. If I Rest,I Rust , If I Rest, I Rust The of import inscription found on an old keyIf I rest, I rustwould be an excellent motto for those who are afflicted with the slightest bit of idleness. Even the most industrious person might adopt it with advantage to serve as a reminder that, if wizard allows his faculties to rest, the likes of the iron in the fresh key, they will soon presentation signs of rust and, ultimately, go offnot do the work required of them. Those who would attain the heights reached and kept by great men must keep their faculties polished by constant use, so that they may unlock the doors of knowledge, the gate that guard the entrances to the professions, to science, art, literature, agricultureevery department of human endeavor. Industry keeps bright the key that opens the treasury of achievement. If Hugh Miller, later(prenominal) toiling all day in a quarry, had devoted his evenings to rest and recreation, he would never have become a famous geolo gist.The celebrated mathematician, Edmund Stone, would never have published a mathematical dictionary, never have found the key to science of mathematics, if he had given his spare bites to idleness, had the little Scotch lad, Ferguson, allowed the brisk brain to go to sleep while he t cease sheep on the hillside instead of calculating the position of the stars by a string of beads, he would never have become a famous astronomer. Labor vanquishes allnot inconstant, spasmodic, or ill-directed labor but faithful, unremitting, daily effort toward a well-directed purpose.Just as truly as eonian vigilance is the price of liberty, so is eternal industry the price of noble and enduring triumph. emulation Ambition It is not difficult to imagine a world short of ambitiousness. It would probably be a kinder world with out demands, without abrasions, without disappointments. People would have time for reflection. Such work as they did would not be for themselves but for the collec tivity. Competition would never enter in. conflict would be eliminated, tension become a thing of the former(prenominal).The stress of creation would be at an end. Art would no longer be troubling, but purely celebratory in its functions. Longevity would be increased, for fewer people would die of heart attack or stroke caused by tumultuous endeavor. Anxiety would be extinct. Time would stretch on and on, with ambition long done for(p) from the human heart. Ah, how unrelieved boring life would be There is a strong view that holds that success is a myth, and ambition therefore a sham. Does this mean that success does not really exist?That achievement is at bottom vacuous? That the efforts of men and women are of no significance alongside the force of movements and events now not all success, obviously, is worth esteeming, nor all ambition worth cultivating. Which are and which are not is something one soon enough learns on ones own. But even the most cynical on the Q.T. admit that success exists that achievement counts for a great recognize and that the true myth is that the actions of men and women are useless. To believe otherwise is to take on a point of view that is likely to be deranging.It is, in its implications, to remove all motives for competence, enliven in attainment, and regard for posterity. We do not choose to be born. We do not choose our parents. We do not choose our historical epoch, the country of our birth, or the immediate circumstances of our upbringing. We do not, most of us, choose to die nor do we choose the time or conditions of our death. But inside all this realm of choicelessness, we do choose how we shall live cou passionatenessously or in cowardice, honorably or dishonorably, with purpose or in roam. We decide what is master(prenominal) and what is trivial in life.We decide that what makes us authoritative is either what we do or what we refuse to do. But no matter how indifferent the universe may be to our choices a nd decisions, these choices and decisions are ours to make. We decide. We choose. And as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed. In the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition is about. What I have stand upd for What I Have Lived For Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind.These passions, like great winds, have cockern me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very limit of desperation. I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasyecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours for this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves lonelinessthat terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss.I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring visual sensation of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem similarly good for human life, this is whatat lastI have found. With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved. Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always it brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain shrink in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated slant to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer. This has been my life. I have found it worth living, an d would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me. When Love Beckons You When Love Beckons You When love beckons to you, follow him, though his ways are hard and steep. And when his wings enfold you, yield to him, though the sword hidden among his pinions may wound you. And when he speaks to you, believe in him, though his voice may shatter your dreams as the north wind lays louse up the garden. For even as love crowns you so shall he crucify you. Even as he is for your ingathering so is he for your pruning. Even as he ascends to your height and caresses your tenderest branches that quiver in the sun, so shall he descend to our roots and shake them in their clinging to the earth. But if, in your fear, you would seek only loves peace and loves pleasure, then it is better for you that you cover your nakedness and pass out of loves threshing-floor, into the seasonless world where you shall laugh, but not all of your laughter, and weep, but not all of your tears. Love gives nada but it self and takes naught but from itself. Love possesses not, nor would it be possessed, for love is sufficient unto love. Love has no other desire but to fulfill itself. But if you love and must have desires, let these be your desires To melt and be like a running brook that sings its melody to the night. To know the pain of too much tenderness. To be wounded by your own under stand up of love And to bleed willingly and joyfully. To shake up at dawn with a winged heart and give thanks for some other day of lovely To rest at the noon hour and meditate loves ecstasy To return crustal plate at eventide with gratitude And then to sleep with a payer for the beloved in your heart and a song of praise upon your lips. The Road to Success The Road to Success It is well that young men should acquire at the seed and occupy the most subordinate positions. legion(predicate) of the leading businessmen of Pittsburgh had a real responsibility thrust u pon them at the very threshold of their career. They were introduced to the b board, and spent the first hours of their business lives sweeping out the office. I notice we have janitors and janitresses now in offices, and our young men unfortunately miss that proficient branch of business education.But if by chance the professional sweeper is absent any morning, the boy who has the genius of the future partner in him will not hesitate to try his hand at the broom. It does not hurt the sweetest comer to sweep out the office if necessary. I was one of those sweepers myself. Assuming that you have all obtained employment and are fairly started, my advice to you is aim high. I would not give a fig for the young man who does not already see himself the partner or the head of an important firm.Do not rest content for a moment in your thoughts as head clerk, or foreman, or general manager in any concern, no matter how extensive. Say to yourself, My place is at the top. Be king in your dreams. And here is the prime condition of success, the great secret concentrate your energy, thought, and great exclusively upon the business in which you are engaged. Having begun in one line, resolve to fight it out on that line, to lead in it, adopt every improvement, have the best machinery, and know the most about it. The concerns which fail are those which have scattered their capital, which means that they have scattered their brains also. They have investments in this, or that, or the other, here there, and everywhere. Dont correct all your eggs in one basket. is all wrong. I tell you to put all your eggs in one basket, and then come after that basket. Look stave you and take notice, men who do that not often fail. It is easy to watch and carry the one basket. It is nerve-racking to carry too many baskets that breaks most eggs in this country. He who carries three baskets must put one on his head, which is apt to tumble and trip him up.One fault of the American bu sinessman is requirement of concentration. To summarize what I have said aim for the highest never enter a bar room do not touch liquor, or if at all only at meals never chew over never indorse beyond your surplus cash fund make the firms interest yours break orders always to save owners concentrate put all your eggs in one basket, and watch that basket expenditure always within revenue lastly, be not impatient, for as Emerson says, no one can cheat you out of ultimate success but yourselves. On Meeting the Celebrated On Meeting the Celebrated I have always wondered at the passion many people have to meet the celebrated. The prestige you acquire by being able to tell your friends that you know famous men proves only that you are yourself of small account. The celebrated develop a technique to deal with the persons they come across. They show the world a mask, often an impressive on, but take care to conceal their real selves.They put to work the part that is expected fro m them, and with practice learn to play it very well, but you are stupid if you think that this public performance of theirs corresponds with the man within. I have been attached, deeply attached, to a few people but I have been interested in men in general not for their own sakes, but for the sake of my work. I have not, as Kant enjoined, regarded each man as an end in himself, but as material that might be useful to me as a writer. I have been more concerned with the obscure than with the famous. They are more often themselves. They have had no need to create a figure to protect themselves from the world or to impress it.Their idiosyncrasies have had more chance to develop in the limited circle of their activity, and since they have never been in the public eye it has never occurred to them that they have anything to conceal. They presentation their oddities because it has never struck them that they are odd. And after all it is with the common run of men that we writers have to deal kings, dictators, commercial magnates are from our point of view very unsatisfactory. To write about them is a venture that has often tempted writers, but the failure that has attended their efforts shows that such beings are too exceptional to form a ripe ground for a work of art.They cannot be made real. The ordinary is the writers richer field. Its unexpectedness, its singularity, its infinite retiring(a)iche afford unending material. The great man is too often all of a piece it is the little man that is a bundle of contradictory elements. He is inexhaustible. You never come to the end of the surprises he has in store for you. For my part I would much sooner spend a month on a desert island with a veterinary surgeon than with a prime minister. The 50-Percent Theory of lifetime The 50-Percent Theory of Life I believe in the 50-percent theory. Half the time things are better than normal the other half, they re worse. I believe life is a pendulum swing. It takes time and experience to understand what normal is, and that gives me the perspective to deal with the surprises of the future. Lets benchmark the parameters yes, I will die. Ive dealt with the deaths of both parents, a best friend, a beloved boss and cherished pets. Some of these deaths have been violent, before my eyes, or slow and agonizing. Bad stuff, and it belongs at the bottom of the scale. Then there are those high points romance and marriage to the right person having a child and doing those Dad things like coaching my sons baseball team, paddling around the creek in the boat while hes swimming with the dogs, discovering his compassion so deep it manifests even in his kindness to snails, his imagination so vivid he builds a spaceship from a scattered mount of Legos. But there is a vast meadow of life in the middle, where the bad and the good riffle acrobatically. This is what convinces me to believe in the 50-percent theory. One spring I planted corn too early in a bottoml and so flood-prone that neighbors laughed. I felt chagrined at the wasted effort. Summer rancid brutalthe worst heat wave and drought in my lifetime. The air-conditioned died the well went dry the marriage ended the job lost the money gone. I was living lyrics from a country tunemusic I loathed. Only a surging Kansas City Royals team buoyed my spirits. Looking back on that horrible summer, I soon still that all succeeding good things merely offset the bad. worsened than normal wouldnt last long. I am owed and savor the halcyon times.The reinvigorate me for the next nasty surprise and offer assurance that can thrive. The 50-percent theory even helps me see hope beyond my Royals recent slump, a field of struggling rookies set so that some year soon we can reap an October harvest. For that on blistering summer, the ground moisture was just right, planting early allowed pollination before heat withered the tops, and the lack of rain spared the standing corn from floods. That win ter my crib overflowed with cornfat, healthy three-to-a-stalk ears filled with kernels from heel to tipwhile my neighbors fields yielded only brown, empty husks. Although plantings past may have fallen below the 50-percent expectation, and they probably will again in the future, I am still sustained by the crop that flourishes during the drought. What is Your Recovery Rate? What is Your Recovery Rate? What is your recovery rate? How long does it take you to recover from actions and behaviors that upset you? Minutes? Hours? Days? Weeks? The longer it takes you to recover, the more influence that incident has on your actions, and the less able you are to perform to your personal best.In a nutshell, the longer it takes you to recover, the weaker you are and the poorer your performance. You are well aware that you need to exercise to keep the body fit and, no doubt, put on that a reasonable measure of health is the speed in which your heart and respiratory system recovers aft er exercise. Likewise the faster you let go of an issue that upsets you, the faster you return to an equilibrium, the healthier you will be. The best example of this behavior is found with professional sportspeople. They know that the faster they can go forth an incident or missd opportunity and get on with the game, the better their performance.In fact, most measure the time it takes them to overcome and forget an incident in a game and most reckon a recovery rate of 30 numbers is too long Imagine yourself to be an actor in a play on the stage. Your aim is to play your part to the best of your ability. You have been given a script and at the end of each sentence is a ful stop. Each time you get to the end of the sentence you start a tender one and although the next sentence is related to the last it is not affected by it. Your job is to throw overboard each sentence to the best of your ability. Dont live your life in the past evolve to live in the present, to overcome the p ast. Stop the past from influencing your daily life. Dont allow thoughts of the past to reduce your personal best. Stop the past from interfering with your life. Learn to recover quickly. Remember Rome wasnt built in a day. Reflect on your recovery rate each day. Every day before you go to bed, look at your progress. Dont lie in bed expression to you, I did that wrong. I should have done better there. No. look at your day and note when you made an effort to place a full stop after an incident. This is a success.You are pickings control of your life. Remember this is a step by step process. This is not a make-over. You are labor movement real change here. Your aim reduce the time spent in recovery. The way forward? Live in the present. Not in the precedent. Clear Your Mental Space Clear Your Mental Space value about the last time you felt a negative emotionlike stress, anger, or frustration. What was going through your mind as you were going through that negativity? Was your mind cluttered with thoughts? Or was it paralyzed, unable to think? The next time you find yourself in the middle of a very stressful time, or you feel hazardous or frustrated, stop. Yes, thats right, stop. Whatever youre doing, stop and sit for one minute. While youre seance there, completely dump yourself in the negative emotion. Allow that emotion to consume you. Allow yourself one minute to truly feel that emotion. Dont cheat yourself here. organise the entire minutebut only one minuteto do nothing else but feel that emotion. When the minute is over, ask yourself, Am I wiling to keep holding on to this negative emotion as I go through the rest of the day? Once youve allowed yourself to be totally immersed in the emotion and really fell it, you will be surprised to find that the emotion clears quite quickly. If you feel you need to hold on to the emotion for a little longer, that is OK. Allow yourself another minute to feel the emotion. When you feel you ve had enough of the emotion, ask yourself if youre willing to carry that negativity with you for the rest of the day. If not, take a deep breath. As you exhale, release all that negativity with your breath. This exercise seems simplealmost too simple.But, it is very effective. By allowing that negative emotion the space to be truly felt, you are dealing with the emotion rather than stuffing it down and trying not to feel it. You are actually taking away the power of the emotion by giving it the space and attention it needs. When you immerse yourself in the emotion, and realize that it is only emotion, it loses its control. You can clear your head and proceed with your task. Try it. Next time youre in the middle of a negative emotion, give yourself the space to feel the emotion and see what happens.Keep a piece of typography with you that says the following Stop. Immerse for one minute. Do I want to keep this negativity? Breath deep, exhale, release. give the axe on This wi ll remind you of the steps to the process. Remember take the time you need to really immerse yourself in the emotion. Then, when you feel youve felt it enough, release itreally let go of it. You will be surprised at how quickly you can move on from a negative situation and get to what you really want to do Be Happy Be Happy The days that make us happy make us wise.-John Masefield when I first read this line by Englands Poet Laureate, it startled me. What did Masefield mean? Without sentiment about it much, I had always assumed that the opposite was true. But his sober assurance was arresting. I could not forget it. Finally, I seemed to grasp his meaning and realized that here was a profound observation. The wisdom that contentment makes possible lies in clear perception, not fogged by anxiety nor dimmed by despair and boredom, and without the blind spots caused by fear. Active happinessnot mere satisfaction or contentment often comes suddenly, like an April shower or the unfolding of a bud. Then you discover what kind of wisdom has accompanied it. The rotter is greener bird songs are sweeter the shortcomings of your friends are more understandable and more forgivable. Happiness is like a pair of eyeglasses correcting your spiritual vision. Nor are the insights of happiness limited to what is near around you. Unhappy, with your thoughts turned in upon your aroused woes, your vision is cut short as though by a wall. Happy, the wall crumbles. The long vista is there for the seeing. The ground at your feet, the world about you-people, thoughts, emotions, pressuresare now fitted into the larger scene. Everything assumes a fairer proportion. And here is the beginning of wisdom. The Goodness of life The Goodness of Life Though there is much to be concerned about, there is far, far more for which to be thankful. Though lifes uprightness can at times be overshadowed, it is never outweighed. For every single act that is senselessly destructive, there are thousands more small, quiet acts of love, kindness and compassion.For every person who seeks to hurt, there are many, many more who devote their lives to helping and to healing. There is rightness to life that cannot be denied. In the most magnificent vistas and in the smallest details, look closely, for that goodness always comes shining through. There si no limit to the goodness of life. It grows more abundant with each new encounter. The more you experience and appreciate the goodness of life, the more there is to be lived. Even when the cold winds blow and the world seems to be cov ered in foggy shadows, the goodness of life lives on.Open your eyes, open your heart, and you will see that goodness is everywhere. Though the goodness of life seems at times to suffer setbacks, it always endures. For in the darkest moment it becomes vividly clear that life is a priceless treasure. And so the goodness of life is made even stronger by the very things that would op pose it. Time and time again when you feared it was gone forever you found that the goodness of life was really only a moment away. Around the next corner, inside every moment, the goodness of life is there to surprise and delight you. Take a moment to let the goodness of life touch your spirit and calm your thoughts. Then, share your good fortune with another. For the goodness of life grows more and more magnificent each time it is given away. Though the problems constantly scream for attention and the conflicts appear to rage ever stronger, the goodness of life grows stronger still, quietly, peacefully, with more purpose and meaning than ever before. cladding the Enemies Within Facing the Enemies Within We are not born with courage, but neither are we born with fear.Maybe some of our fears are brought on by your own experiences, by what someone has told you, by what youve read in the papers. Some fears are valid, like walking alone in a bad part of town at two oclock in the morning. But once you learn to avoid that situation, you wont need to live in fear of it. business organisations, even the most basic ones, can totally suppress our ambitions. Fear can destroy fortunes. Fear can destroy relationships. Fear, if left unchecked, can destroy our lives. Fear is one of the many enemies lurking inside us. Let me tell you about five of the other enemies we face from within.The first opposite that youve got to destroy before it destroys you is indifference. What a tragic disease this is Ho-hum, let it slide. Ill just drift along. Heres one problem with drifting you cant drift your way to the to of the mountain. The second enemy we face is indecision. Indecision is the thief of opportunity and enterprise. It will steal your chances for a better future. Take a sword to this enemy. The third enemy inside is doubt. Sure, theres room for healthy skepticism. You cant believe everything. But you also cant let doubt take over.Many people doubt the p ast, doubt the future, doubt each other, doubt the government, doubt the possibilities nad doubt the opportunities. Worse of all, they doubt themselves. Im telling you, doubt will destroy your life and your chances of success. It will empty both your bank account and your heart. Doubt is an enemy. Go after it. Get rid of it. The fourth enemy within is worry. Weve all got to worry some. Just dont let conquer you. Instead, let it disquietude you. Worry can be useful. If you step off the curb in New York City and a taxi is coming, youve.